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generationrandRAND_MAXremainderremainderfremainderlremquoremquofremquolrintrintfrintlroundroundfroundlscalblnscalblnfscalblnlscalbnscalbnfscalbnlsignbitsinsinfsinhsinhfsinhlsinlsqrtsqrtfsqrtlsrandtantanftanhtanhftanhltanltgammatgammaftgammaltrunctruncftrunclType-generic math_Complex_I_Imaginary_IProgram supportabortatexitat_quick_exitexitEXIT_FAILUREEXIT_SUCCESSgetenvgetenv_sjmp_buflongjmpProgram support utilitiesquick_exitraisesetjmpSIGABRTSIGFPESIGILLSIGINTsignalSIGSEGVSIGTERMsig_atomic_tSIG_DFLSIG_ERRSIG_IGNsystem_ExitStringsatofatoiatolatollbtowcc16rtombc32rtombchar16_tchar32_tisalnumisalphaisblankiscntrlisdigitisgraphislowerisprintispunctisspaceisupperiswalnumiswalphaiswblankiswcntrliswctypeiswdigitiswgraphiswloweriswprintiswpunctiswspaceiswupperiswxdigitisxdigitmblenmbrlenmbrtoc16mbrtoc32mbrtowcmbsinitmbsrtowcsmbsrtowcs_smbstate_tmbstowcsmbstowcs_smbtowcmemchrmemcmpmemcpymemcpy_smemmovememmove_smemsetmemset_sNull-terminated byte stringsNull-terminated multibyte stringsNull-terminated wide stringsstrcatstrcat_sstrchrstrcmpstrcollstrcpystrcpy_sstrcspnstrerrorstrerrorlen_sstrerror_sStrings librarystrlenstrncatThread supportcall_oncecnd_broadcastcnd_destroycnd_initcnd_signalcnd_timedwaitcnd_waitmtx_destroymtx_initmtx_lockmtx_plainmtx_recursivemtx_timedmtx_timedlockmtx_trylockmtx_unlockonce_flagONCE_FLAG_INITthrd_busythrd_createthrd_currentthrd_detachthrd_equalthrd_errorthrd_exitthrd_jointhrd_nomemthrd_sleepthrd_successthrd_timedoutthrd_yieldThread support librarythread_localtss_createtss_deleteTSS_DTOR_ITERATIONStss_gettss_setType supportBoolean type support libraryFixed width integer typesFLT_EVAL_METHODFLT_ROUNDSmax_align_tNULLNumeric limitsoffsetofptrdiff_tsize_tType supportVariadic functionsVariadic functionsva_argva_copyva_endva_listva_start
文字

在头文件<string.h>中定义



int strcmp(const char * lhs,const char * rhs);



按照字典顺序比较两个以空字符结尾的字节字符串。

结果的符号是第一对字符(两者的解释为unsigned char)在所比较的字符串中不同的值之间的差异的符号。

如果lhsrhs不是指向以空字符结尾的字节字符串的指针,行为是未定义的。

参数

lhs,rhs

-

指向以空字符结尾的字节字符串进行比较的指针

返回值

如果lhs以字典顺序出现在rhs之前,则为负值。

如果lhs和rhs比较相等,则为零。

如果lhs以字典顺序出现在rhs之后,则为正值。

注意

与strcoll和strxfrm不同,此函数不是区域设置敏感的。

#include <string.h>#include <stdio.h> void demo(const char* lhs, const char* rhs){
    int rc = strcmp(lhs, rhs);    if(rc == 0)        printf("[%s] equals [%s]\n", lhs, rhs);    else if(rc < 0)        printf("[%s] precedes [%s]\n", lhs, rhs);    else if(rc > 0)        printf("[%s] follows [%s]\n", lhs, rhs); }int main(void){    const char* string = "Hello World!";    demo(string, "Hello!");    demo(string, "Hello");    demo(string, "Hello there");    demo("Hello, everybody!" + 12, "Hello, somebody!" + 11);}

输出:

[Hello World!] precedes [Hello!][Hello World!] follows [Hello][Hello World!] precedes [Hello there][body!] equals [body!]

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.24.4.2 strcmp函数(p:365-366)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.21.4.2 strcmp函数(p:328-329)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.11.4.2 strcmp函数

扩展内容

STRNCMP

比较两个字符串的一定数量的字符(函数)

wcscmp(C95)

比较两个宽字符串(函数)

memcmp

比较两个缓冲区(功能)

与strcoll

根据当前语言环境(函数)比较两个字符串

| 用于strcmp的C ++文档 |

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在头文件<wctype.h>中定义



int iswdigit(wint_t ch);


(自C95以来)

检查给定的宽字符是否对应(如果缩小)十个十进制数字字符0123456789中的一个。

参数

CH

-

宽字符

返回值

如果宽字符是数字字符,则为非零值,否则为零。

注意

iswdigitiswxdigit是唯一不受当前安装的C语言环境影响的标准宽字符分类函数。

一些语言环境提供了检测非ASCII数字的附加字符类。

#include <stdio.h>#include <wctype.h>#include <wchar.h>#include <locale.h> void test(wchar_t a3, wchar_t u3, wchar_t j3){    printf("        '%lc' '%lc' '%lc'\n", a3, u3, j3);    printf("iswdigit %d    %d   %d\n",           !!iswdigit(a3), !!iswdigit(u3), !!iswdigit(j3));    printf("jdigit:  %d    %d   %d\n", !!iswctype(a3, wctype("jdigit")),          !!iswctype(u3, wctype("jdigit")),          !!iswctype(j3, wctype("jdigit")));}
 int main(void){
    wchar_t a3 = L'3';  // the ASCII digit 3
    wchar_t u3 = L'三'; // the CJK numeral 3
    wchar_t j3 = L'3'; // the fullwidth digit 3 
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");    puts("In American locale:");    test(a3, u3, j3); 
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "ja_JP.utf8");    puts("\nIn Japanese locale:");    test(a3, u3, j3);}

输出:

In American locale:        '3' '三' '3'iswdigit 1    0   0jdigit:  0    0   0
 In Japanese locale:        '3' '三' '3'iswdigit 1    0   0jdigit:  0    0   1

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.30.2.1.5 iswdigit函数(p:449)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.25.2.1.5 iswdigit函数(p:395)

扩展内容

isdigit

检查一个字符是否是一个数字(功能)

| 用于iswdigit的C ++文档 |

ASCII 值  (十六进制)

字符

iscntrl  iswcntrl.

isprint  iswprint.

isspace  iswspace.

isblank  iswblank.

isgraph  iswgraph.

ispunct  iswpunct.

isalnum  iswalnum.

isalpha  iswalpha.

isupper  iswupper.

islower  iswlower.

isdigit  iswdigit.

isxdigit  iswxdigit.


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