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在头文件<stdio.h>中定义



FILE * tmpfile（void）;

(1)


errno_t tmpfile_s（FILE * restrict * restrict streamptr）;

(2)

（自C11以来）

1）创建并打开一个临时文件。打开文件作为更新二进制文件（如如果由fopen与"wb+"模式）。该文件的文件名在文件系统中保证是唯一的。至少TMP_MAX文件可能在程序生命周期中打开（此限制可能会与之共享tmpnam并可能会受到进一步限制FOPEN_MAX）。

2）与（1）相同，只是至少TMP_MAX_S可以打开文件（可以共享限制tmpnam_s），如果streamptr是空指针，则调用当前安装的约束处理程序函数。作为所有的边界检查函数，tmpfile_s只能保证__STDC_LIB_EXT1__是由实现定义的，并且如果用户在包含之前定义__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__为整数常量。1<stdio.h>

当程序正常退出时，由该函数创建的临时文件将被关闭并删除。它是否被异常终止删除是实现定义的。

参数

1）（无）

2）指向将由该函数调用更新的指针

返回值

1）如果发生错误，指向与文件或空指针关联的文件流。

2）如果文件被创建并成功打开，则为零;如果文件未被创建或打开，或者如果streamptr是空指针，则为非零。另外，指向相关文件流的指针会*streamptr成功存储，并且空*streamptr错误指针值将被存储。

注意

在某些实现中（例如Linux），该函数实际上创建，打开并立即从文件系统中删除该文件：只要程序拥有对已删除文件的打开文件描述符，该文件就存在，但由于它是已删除，其名称不会出现在任何目录中，以便其他进程不能打开它。一旦文件描述符关闭，或一旦程序终止（正常或异常），文件占用的空间就会被文件系统回收。

在某些实现（例如Windows）上，需要提升权限，因为该函数可能会在系统目录中创建临时文件。

例

#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>int main(void){
    FILE* tmpf = tmpfile();    fputs("Hello, world", tmpf);    rewind(tmpf);
    char buf[6];    fgets(buf, sizeof buf, tmpf);    printf("got back from the file: '%s'\n", buf); 
    // Linux-specific method to display the tmpfile name
    char fname[FILENAME_MAX], link[FILENAME_MAX] = {0};    sprintf(fname, "/proc/self/fd/%d", fileno(tmpf));    if(readlink(fname, link, sizeof link - 1) > 0)        printf("File name: %s\n", link);}

可能的输出：

got back from the file: 'Hello'File name: /tmp/tmpfjptPe5 (deleted)

参考

  • C11标准（ISO / IEC 9899：2011）：

    • 7.21.4.3 tmpfile函数（p：303）

    • K.3.5.1.1 tmpfile_s函数（p：586-587）

  • C99标准（ISO / IEC 9899：1999）：

    • 7.19.4.3 tmpfile函数（p：269）

  • C89 / C90标准（ISO / IEC 9899：1990）：

    • 4.9.4.3 tmpfile函数

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