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文字

在头文件<math.h>中定义



float       ldexpf( float arg, int exp );

(1)

(since C99)

double      ldexp( double arg, int exp );

(2)


long double ldexpl( long double arg, int exp );

(3)

(since C99)

Defined in header <tgmath.h>



#define ldexp( arg, exp )

(4)

(since C99)

1-3)arg将数字2 的浮点值乘以exp功率。

4)类型 - 通用宏:如果arg有类型long doubleldexpl被调用。否则,如果arg有整数类型或类型doubleldexp则调用。否则ldexpf,分别称为。

参数

arg

-

浮点值

exp

-

整数值

返回值

如果没有错误发生,arg乘以2的幂exp(arg×2exp

)返回。

如果范围误差由于发生溢出,±HUGE_VAL±HUGE_VALF,或±HUGE_VALL返回。

如果发生下溢引起的范围错误,则返回正确的结果(舍入后)。

错误处理

按照math_errhandling中的指定报告错误。

如果实现支持IEEE浮点运算(IEC 60559),

  • 除非发生范围错误,否则FE_INEXACT不会引发(结果是确切的)

  • 除非发生范围错误,否则当前舍入模式将被忽略

  • 如果arg为±0,则返回,未修改

  • 如果arg是±∞,则返回,未修改

  • 如果exp为0,则arg返回,未修改

  • 如果arg是NaN,则返回NaN

函数ldexp(“加载指数”)及其双数,frexp可以用来操纵浮点数的表示,而无需直接位操作。

在许多实现中,ldexp使用算术运算符的乘法或除法乘以二的幂的效率较低。

#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>#include <float.h>#include <errno.h>#include <fenv.h>#pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
int main(void){    printf("ldexp(7, -4) = %f\n", ldexp(7, -4));    printf("ldexp(1, -1074) = %g (minimum positive subnormal double)\n",            ldexp(1, -1074));    printf("ldexp(nextafter(1,0), 1024) = %g (largest finite double)\n",            ldexp(nextafter(1,0), 1024));    // special values    printf("ldexp(-0, 10) = %f\n", ldexp(-0.0, 10));    printf("ldexp(-Inf, -1) = %f\n", ldexp(-INFINITY, -1));    //error handling
    errno = 0; feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);    printf("ldexp(1, 1024) = %f\n", ldexp(1, 1024));    if(errno == ERANGE) perror("    errno == ERANGE");    if(fetestexcept(FE_OVERFLOW)) puts("    FE_OVERFLOW raised");}

可能的输出:

ldexp(7, -4) = 0.437500ldexp(1, -1074) = 4.94066e-324 (minimum positive subnormal double)ldexp(nextafter(1,0), 1024) = 1.79769e+308 (largest finite double)ldexp(-0, 10) = -0.000000ldexp(-Inf, -1) = -infldexp(1, 1024) = inf
    errno == ERANGE: Numerical result out of range
    FE_OVERFLOW raised

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.12.6.6 ldexp函数(p:244)

    • 7.25类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:373-375)

    • F.10.3.6 ldexp函数(p:522)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.12.6.6 ldexp函数(p:225)

    • 7.22类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:335-337)

    • F.9.3.6 ldexp函数(p:459)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.5.4.3 ldexp函数

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