The transform attribute is used to apply a 2D or 3D transformation to an element; this attribute allows us to rotate, scale, move or tilt the element.
CSS3 transform attribute
Function: The transform attribute applies 2D to the element or 3D conversion. This property allows us to rotate, scale, move or tilt the element.
Syntax:
transform: none|transform-functions;
Can have attribute value description:
none: The definition is not converted.
matrix(n,n,n,n,n,n): Define 2D transformation, using a matrix of six values.
matrix3d(n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n,n) Define 3D transformation, using 4x4 with 16 values matrix.
translate(x,y): Define 2D transformation.
translate3d(x,y,z): Define 3D transformation.
translateX(x): Define the transformation, just using the value of the X axis.
translateY(y): Define the transformation, just using the value of the Y axis.
translateZ(z): Define 3D transformation, just using the value of the Z axis.
scale(x,y): Define 2D scaling transformation.
scale3d(x,y,z): Define 3D scaling transformation.
scaleX(x): Define the scaling transformation by setting the value of the X axis.
scaleY(y): Define the scaling transformation by setting the value of the Y axis.
scaleZ(z): Define the 3D scaling transformation by setting the value of the Z axis.
rotate(angle): Define 2D rotation and specify the angle in the parameters.
rotate3d(x,y,z,angle): Define 3D rotation.
rotateX(angle): Defines 3D rotation along the X axis.
rotateY(angle): Defines 3D rotation along the Y axis.
rotateZ(angle): Defines 3D rotation along the Z axis.
skew(x-angle,y-angle): Defines the 2D skew transformation along the X and Y axes.
skewX(angle): Defines the 2D skew transformation along the X-axis.
skewY(angle): Defines the 2D skew transformation along the Y axis.
perspective(n): Defines the perspective view for the 3D transformation element.
Note: Internet Explorer 10, Firefox, and Opera support the transform attribute. Internet Explorer 9 supports an alternative -ms-transform property (for 2D transforms only). Safari and Chrome support alternative -webkit-transform properties (3D and 2D transformations). Opera only supports 2D conversion.
CSS3 Transform attribute usage example
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> *, *:after, *:before { box-sizing: border-box; } body { background: #F5F3F4; margin: 0; padding: 10px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; text-align: center; } h2, h4 { font-weight: 400; color: #4d4d4d; } .card { display: inline-block; margin: 10px; background: #fff; padding: 10px; min-width: 180px; box-shadow: 0 3px 5px #ddd; color: #555; } .card .box { width: 60px; height: 60px; margin: auto; background: #ddd; cursor: pointer; box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc inset; } .card .box .fill { width: 60px; height: 60px; position: relative; background: #03A9F4; opacity: .5; box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc; -webkit-transition: 0.3s; transition: 0.3s; } .card p { margin: 25px 0 0; } .rotate:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); transform: rotate(45deg); } .rotateX:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: rotateX(45deg); transform: rotateX(45deg); } .rotateY:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: rotateY(45deg); transform: rotateY(45deg); } .rotateZ:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); transform: rotate(45deg); } .scale:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: scale(2, 2); transform: scale(2, 2); } .scaleX:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: scaleX(2); transform: scaleX(2); } .scaleY:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: scaleY(2); transform: scaleY(2); } .skew:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: skew(45deg, 45deg); transform: skew(45deg, 45deg); } .skewX:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: skewX(45deg); transform: skewX(45deg); } .skewY:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: skewY(45deg); transform: skewY(45deg); } .translate:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: translate(45px, 1em); transform: translate(45px, 1em); } .translateX:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: translateX(45px); transform: translateX(45px); } .translateY:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: translateY(45px); transform: translateY(45px); } .matrix:hover .fill { -webkit-transform: matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0); transform: matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0); } </style> </head> <body> <!-- Rotate--> <div class="card"> <div class="box rotate"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>rotate(45deg) </p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box rotateX"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>rotateX(45deg)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box rotateY"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>rotateY(45deg)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box rotateZ"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>rotateZ(45deg) </p> </div> <!-- scale--> <div class="card"> <div class="box scale"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>scale(2)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box scaleX"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>scaleX(2) </p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box scaleY"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>scaleY(2) </p> </div> <!-- skew--> <div class="card"> <div class="box skew"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>skew(45deg, 45deg) </p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box skewX"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>skewX(45deg)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box skewY"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>skewY(45deg)</p> </div> <!-- translate--> <div class="card"> <div class="box translate"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>translate(45px) </p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box translateX"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>translateX(45px)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box translateY"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p>translateY(45px)</p> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="box matrix"> <div class="fill"></div> </div> <p> matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0)</p> </div> </body> </html>
Rendering:
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