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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

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The content of this article is about summarizing the calculation of units in CSS (code examples). It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

CSS unit summary

Public part css

body {
  background-color: #000;
  color: skyblue;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
body>div>div {
  border: 1px solid cyan;
  padding: 10px;
  margin: 10px;
  font-weight: bolder;
}
.s {
  background-color: #ddd;
  margin: 10px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: yellowgreen;
}
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Length

px

Pixels, absolute units at the same screen resolution. When the screen resolutions are different, the pixels are scaled proportionally.

/* list1 */
#length .list1s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
}

#length .list1s2 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
}
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<div>
  <p>px</p>
  <p>像素,同一屏幕分辨率下是绝对单位。屏幕分辨率不同时,像素等比缩放。</p>
  <div>100px X 100px</div>
  <div>50px X 50px</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

em

Relative unit, relative to the font size of the parent element

If the parent element font- size is 20px, then 2em is 40px

em can be accurate to 3 decimal places

/* list2 */
#length .list2fa1 {
  font-size: 18px;
}

#length .list2fa2 {
  font-size: 22px;
}

#length .list2s1 {
  width: 5em;
  height: 5em;
}

#length .list2s2 {
  width: 5em;
  height: 5em;
}
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<div>
  <p>em</p>
  <p>相对单位,相对于父元素的字体大小</p>
  <p>如果父元素font-size是20px,那么2em就是40px</p>
  <p>em可精确到小数点后3位</p>
  <div>
    <div>5em X 5em</div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <div>5em X 5em</div>
  </div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

rem

Relative unit, relative to the font size of html

/* list3 */
#length .list3s1 {
  width: 5rem;
  height: 5rem;
}
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<div>
  <p>rem</p>
  <p>相对单位,相对于html的字体大小</p>
  <div>5rem X 5rem</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

##ex

  • Relative unit, relative to The height of the character, usually half the font height

  • If the text height is not set, it is relative to the browser font size height

/* list4 */
#length .list4s1 {
  width: 10ex;
  height: 1ex;
}

#length .list4s2 {
  width: 10ex;
  height: 2ex;
}

#length .list4fa3 {
  font-size: 20px;
}

#length .list4s3 {
  width: 10ex;
  height: 2ex;
}
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<div>
  <p>ex</p>
  <p>相对单位,相对于字符的高度,通常为字体高度的一半</p>
  <p>如果文字高度未设置,则相对于浏览器字体大小高度</p>
  <div>
    <div>10ex X 1ex</div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <div>10ex X 2ex</div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <div>10ex X 2ex</div>
  </div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

ch

  • Relative unit, width of number

/* list5 */

#length .list5s1 {
  width: 3ch;
}

#length .list5s2 {
  width: 3ch;
}

#length .list5fa2 {
  font-size: 20px;
}

#length .list5s3 {
  width: 3ch;
}
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rrree

Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

vw/vh

  • Relative unit

  • The viewport is divided into 100 vw horizontally, It is divided into 100 vh vertically

  • For PC, the viewport is the visible area of ​​the browser

  • For mobile , regardless of horizontal or vertical screen, vw always represents the horizontal width, vh always represents the vertical width

<div>
  <p>ch</p>
  <p>相对单位,数字的宽度</p>
  <div>
    <div>111</div>
    <div>111111</div>
  </div>
  <div>
    <div>111</div>
  </div>
</div>
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/* list6 */
#length .list6s1 {
  width: 10vw;
  height: 10vh;
}
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

vmin/vmax

  • Relative unit

  • The smaller of the width and height of the viewport is 100vmin

  • The larger of the width and height of the viewport is 100vmax

<div>
  <p>vw/vh</p>
  <p>相对单位</p>
  <p>视口横向被分割成100个vw,纵向被分割成100个vh</p>
  <p>对于PC端来说,视口是浏览器可视区域</p>
  <p>对于移动端来说,不论横屏还是竖屏,vw始终表示横向宽度,vh始终表示纵向宽度</p>
  <div>10vw X 10vh</div>
</div>
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/* list7 */
#length .list7s1 {
  width: 10vmin;
  height: 10vmin;
}

#length .list7s2 {
  width: 10vmax;
  height: 10vmax;
}
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)##cm/mm/q

    Absolute unit, centimeter cm, millimeter unit mm, 1/4 mm q
  • <div>
      <p>vmin/vmax</p>
      <p>相对单位</p>
      <p>视口的宽度和高度中比较小的为100vmin</p>
      <p>视口的宽度和高度中比较大的为100vmax</p>
      <div>10vmin X 10vmin</div>
      <div>10vmax X 10vmax</div>
    </div>
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    rrree

Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example) in

    Absolute units, inches in
  • /* list8 */
    #length .list8s1 {
      width: 3cm;
      height: 3cm;
    }
    
    #length .list8s2 {
      width: 30mm;
      height: 30mm;
    }
    
    #length .list8s3 {
      width: 120q;
      height: 120q;
    }
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    <div>
      <p>cm/mm/q</p>
      <p>绝对单位,厘米cm,毫米单位mm,1/4毫米q</p>
      <div>3cm X 3cm</div>
      <div>30mm X 30mm</div>
      <div>120q X 120q</div>
    </div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)##pt/pc

Absolute unit, click pt, send card pc
  • /* list9 */
    #length .list9s1 {
      width: 10in;
      height: 10in;
    }
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    <div>
      <p>in</p>
      <p>绝对单位,英寸in</p>
      <div>10in X 10in</div>
    </div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)%

%
  • Relative value, percentage, relative to parent element
  • /* list10 */
    #length .list10s1 {
      width: 5pt;
      height: 5pt;
    }
    
    #length .list10s2 {
      width: 50pt;
      height: 50pt;
    }
    
    #length .list10s3 {
      width: 5pc;
      height: 5pc;
    }
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    <div>
      <p>pt/pc</p>
      <p>绝对单位,点pt,派卡pc</p>
      <div>5pt X 5pt</div>
      <div>50pt X 50pt</div>
      <div>5pc X 5pc</div>
    </div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)angle

deg/grad/rad/turn
  • Degree deg, gradient grad, radian rad , turn
  • A circle 360deg, 400grad, 2πrad, 1turn
  • /* list11 */
    #length .list11f1 {
      width: 100px;
      height: 100px;
    }
    
    #length .list11s1 {
      width: 80%;
      height: 70%;
    }
    
    #length .list11f2 {
      width: 80px;
      height: 70px;
    }
    
    #length .list11s2 {
      width: 80%;
      height: 70%;
    }
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    <div>
      <p>%</p>
      <p>相对数值,百分比,相对父元素</p>
      <div>
        <div>80% X 70%</div>
      </div>
      <div>
        <div>80% X 70%</div>
      </div>
    </div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)Time

s/ms
  • Seconds, milliseconds ms
  • is used to set Determine animation execution time

频率

  • Hz/kHz

  • 用于设定声音元素频率

布局

  • fr

  • 用于分配一定长度内的剩余空间

/* list1 */
#layout-specific .list1fa1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr;
}

#layout-specific .list1fa1 p {
  border: 5px solid skyblue;
}
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<div>
  <p>fr</p>
  <p>用于分配一定长度内的剩余空间</p>
  <div>
    <div></div>
    <div></div>
    <div></div>
    <div></div>
  </div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

分辨率

  • dpi/dpcm/dppx

  • 每英寸包含点的数量dpi

  • 每厘米包含点的数量dpcm

  • 每像素包含点的数量dppx

颜色

color name

  • 使用颜色关键字指定颜色

/* list1 */
#color .list1s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: darkseagreen;
}
#color .list1s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: salmon;
}
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<div>
  <p>color name</p>
  <p>使用颜色关键字指定颜色</p>
  <div>darkseagreen</div>
  <div>salmon</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

HEX

  • 使用十六进制整数指定颜色

/* list2 */
#color .list2s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #f1d2b3;
}
#color .list2s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: #a3c2e1;
}
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<div>
  <p>HEX</p>
  <p>使用十六进制整数指定颜色</p>
  <div>#f1d2b3</div>
  <div>#a3c2e1</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

RGB

  • R:red;G:green;B:blue;

  • 颜色的比例指定颜色

  • 值在0到255之间

/* list3 */
#color .list3s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: rgb(111,222,123);
}
#color .list3s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: rgb(0,1,2);
}
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<div>
  <p>RGB</p>
  <p>R:red;G:green;B:blue;</p>
  <p>颜色的比例指定颜色</p>
  <p>值在0到255之间</p>
  <div>rgb(111,222,123)</div>
  <div>rgb(0,1,2)</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

RGBA

  • R:red;G:green;B:blue;A:alpha;

  • 颜色的比例指定颜色,alpna指定透明度

  • 值在0到255之间,alpha的值在0到1之间,0.2可以用.2表示

/* list4 */
#color .list4s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: rgba(111,222,123,0.2);
}
#color .list4s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: rgba(111,222,123,.2);
}
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<div>
  <p>RGBA</p>
  <p>R:red;G:green;B:blue;A:alpha;</p>
  <p>颜色的比例指定颜色,alpna指定透明度</p>
  <p>值在0到255之间,alpha的值在0到1之间,0.2可以用.2表示</p>
  <div>rgba(111,222,123,0.2)</div>
  <div>rgba(111,222,123,.2)</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

HSL

  • H:hue色调,0或者360表示红色,120表示绿色,240表示蓝色

  • S:saturation饱和度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间

  • L:lightness亮度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间

/* list5 */
#color .list5s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: hsl(280, 50%, 60%);
}
#color .list5s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: hsl(50, 50%, 60%);
}
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<div>
  <p>HSL</p>
  <p>H:hue色调,0或者360表示红色,120表示绿色,240表示蓝色</p>
  <p>S:saturation饱和度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间</p>
  <p>L:lightness亮度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间</p>
  <div>hsl(280, 50%, 60%)</div>
  <div>hsl(50, 50%, 60%)</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

HSLA

  • H:hue色调,0或者360表示红色,120表示绿色,240表示蓝色

  • S:saturation饱和度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间

  • L:lightness亮度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间

  • A:alpha透明度

/* list6 */
#color .list6s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: hsla(280, 50%, 60%,0.6);
}
#color .list6s2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: hsla(50, 50%, 60%,.6);
}
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<div>
  <p>HSLA</p>
  <p>H:hue色调,0或者360表示红色,120表示绿色,240表示蓝色</p>
  <p>S:saturation饱和度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间</p>
  <p>L:lightness亮度,取值在0.0%到100.0%之间</p>
  <p>A:alpha透明度</p>
  <div>hsla(280, 50%, 60%,0.6)</div>
  <div>hsla(50, 50%, 60%,.6)</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

transparent

  • 全黑透明色,即rgba(0,0,0,0)

/* list7 */
#color .list7s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: transparent;
}
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<div>
  <p>transparent</p>
  <p>全黑透明色,即rgba(0,0,0,0)</p>
  <div>transparent</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

currentColor

  • color具有继承性,currentColor相当于继承color颜色

/* list8 */
#color .list8s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: currentColor;
}
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<div>
  <p>currentColor</p>
  <p>color具有继承性,currentColor相当于继承color颜色</p>
  <div>currentColor</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

函数

  • calc()

  • calc(四则运算)

  • 用于动态计算长度值,运算符前后要加空格

/* list1 */
#function .list1s1 {
  width: calc(50% - 20rem);
  height: calc(20em - 200px);
}

#function .list1s2 {
  width: calc(20rem - 150px);
  height: calc(200px - 6em);
}
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<div>
  <p>calc()</p>
  <p>calc(四则运算)</p>
  <p>用于动态计算长度值,运算符前后要加空格</p>
  <div>calc(50% - 20rem) X calc(20em - 200px)</div>
  <div>calc(20rem - 150px) X calc(200px - 6em)</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

生成内容

  • attr()

  • 用于content属性,取当前元素的属性值

  • 可以拼接字符串

/* list1 */
#content .list1s1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
}
#content .list1s1:before {
  content: "("attr(datamsgb)")";
  font-size: 12px;
}
#content .list1s1:after {
  content: attr(datamsga);
  font-size: 14px;
}
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<div>
  <p>attr()</p>
  <p>用于content属性,取当前元素的属性值</p>
  <p>可以拼接字符串</p>
  <div>实际元素</div>
</div>
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Summary of calculations of units in CSS (code example)

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