The content of this article is to introduce the basic data types of python. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.
1. Everything in python is an object, and an object is a whole containing attributes and methods.
2. The composition of the data type: identity (memory address, its unique identifier can be seen through the id method); type (viewed through the type method); value (data item)
3 , Commonly used basic data types
int Integer
bool Boolean
strintg String
list List
tuple Tuple
dict Dictionary
4. Variable and immutable data types
Immutable types: int, string, tuple
Variable types : list, dict
5, escape character
#转义字符 print('abcd\nef')#\为转义字符 print(r'abcd\nef')#字符串前面加r表示不转义 运行结果: abcd ef abcd\nef
6, slice
a = "abcde" b = a[-1] #访问最后一个元素 c = a[0:4]#访问序列在0到4之间的元素不包括4 print(b) print(c) 运行结果: e abcd
7, string replacement
a = "abcd" print(a[0]) b = a.replace('d','def') print(b) print(a.find('d'))#字符串查询 运行结果: a abcdef 3
8. String splicing
#【1】直接相加 a = 'my name is xiaobin' b = 'tong' c = a + b print(c) 运行结果: my name is xiaobintong #【2】占位符 print('my name is %s xiaobin' % 'tong')#%s为字符串占位符,%d为数字占位符 print('my name is %s xiaobin,i\'m %s years old' % ('tong',24)) print('my name is {1}, i\'m {0} years old'.format('24','tongxiaobin'))#用format方法 运行结果: my name is tong xiaobin my name is tong xiaobin,i'm 24 years old my name is tongxiaobin, i'm 24 years old #【3】join a = '123' b = '456' c = '789' d = ''.join([a,b,c]) e = ';'.join([a,b,c]) print(d) print(e) 运行结果: 123456789 123;456;789
9. File operations: 'r'-read; 'w'-write; 'a'-append (add at the end)
#写操作 d = open('1.txt','w') d.write('hello world\nmy name is tongxiaobin') d.close() #读操作 e = open('1.txt','r') print(e.readline())#按行读取 print(e.readline()) 运行结果: hello world my name is tongxiaobin #末尾添加操作 a = open('1.txt','a') a.write('\ncome from anhui') a.close() 打开文件结果为: hello world my name is tongxiaobinfdsd come from anhui
10. linecache module
import linecache linecache.getline('1.txt',2) 运行结果: 'my name is tongxiaobin\n' linecache.getlines('1.txt') 运行结果: ['hello world\n', 'my name is tongxiaobin\n', 'come from anhui\n']
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