Musk announced the progress of humanoid robots, is it 'seemingly useful'?

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文｜Mathematical Planet

Recently, Tesla Optimus released a video on social media, showing the latest progress of the humanoid robot Optimus. According to the data, the robot is now able to independently classify objects, and its neural network training is completely end-to-end, that is, it obtains information directly from the video input and outputs control instructions

In addition, Optimus is now able to autonomously sort color blocks by color and autonomously correct errors in response to external interference. At the end of the video, Optimus also showed a "yoga" performance, showing off its powerful movement and balance abilities.

It is understood that the manufacturing scale of Tesla Optimus may reach millions of units. Its mass production cost is expected to be much lower than that of cars, and the price may be less than US$20,000 (approximately 142,000 yuan) per unit. Tesla's goal is to create a humanoid robot that can be put into use as soon as possible, so when designing the robot, it uses the same system as the company's car design, thereby reducing costs and increasing production as much as possible.

However, in the investment industry, Musk’s project has been criticized as “another money-making project.” How is the development of related domestic industries? What are its application prospects?

Are humanoid robots overrated?

Musk’s humanoid robot is called Optimus, and its Chinese name is Optimus Prime. Within the industry, it is regarded as another important innovation after Tesla cars and represents the latest achievements of artificial intelligence and robotics

From a technical point of view, Musk's humanoid robot has a high level of artificial intelligence, machine vision, motion control, etc. Humanoid robots need to have human-like mechanical structures, advanced sensors and algorithms, and intelligent systems capable of self-learning and self-optimization. The robots developed by Musk's robotics company are already able to complete many human-like actions, such as walking, grabbing objects, etc., and are expected to complete more complex tasks in the future, such as cooking, cleaning, etc.

In the past, the capital market has set off a craze for embodied intelligence. However, objectively speaking, the concept of humanoid robots is still different from previous embodied intelligence. In the capital market, humanoid robots are different from previous concepts of embodied intelligence

The concept of embodied intelligence emphasizes the combination of intelligence and body, and achieves more intelligent effects by simulating the human body and behavior. This concept has gradually been applied in various fields in the past few years, such as service robots, drones, autonomous driving, etc.

The rewritten content is: Compared with this, humanoid robots have wider applicability and can be used in various scenarios such as factories, hospitals, and homes. At the same time, humanoid robots can also serve as business entrances to attract more business value. In the capital market, the concept of humanoid robots is regarded as an emerging field with huge development potential, and therefore has become the focus of capital attention

In addition, humanoid robots can replace humans in many areas to complete dangerous, repetitive or tedious tasks, improving production efficiency and safety. At the same time, humanoid robots can also play an important role in the medical field, such as assisting doctors in surgical operations and helping patients with rehabilitation training.

From this perspective, humanoid robots are not considered “good-looking but useless”.

Humanoid robots are considered a "special species"

Compared to all things that need to be connected to the Internet, humanoid robots are definitely an alternative. Its neural network runs completely natively. This way, data does not need to be transferred to external servers or the cloud, reducing the risk of data leaks and privacy violations. This is important for many application scenarios, especially those involving sensitive information or critical infrastructure.

In addition, this design avoids problems caused by network delay. Previously, the calculation and training of neural networks usually required large amounts of data and computing resources. In the past, performing these operations over a network connection to a remote server could result in long network delays. Now, this delay can be reduced by running locally, improving the processing speed and response time of the neural network

So, this has the result that humanoid robots can work in a variety of different environments that may not have stable network connections.

Humanoid robots play an important role in the robot industry because they are capable of performing some existing robot scenarios. For example, they can simulate human operations and perform tasks such as handling, assembly and checking product quality on the production line. This makes the robotics industry more dynamic

In automated production lines, this kind of robot can also perform high-intensity, repetitive operations on the production line. In addition, during inspections, it can detect abnormal situations and report them in a timely manner to improve production safety and stability.

It has the function of remote monitoring and maintenance, can reach places that people cannot reach, realize seamless integration with the manufacturing execution system, and assist in the maintenance and repair of equipment

The layout of humanoid robots and Musk

According to current news, the Optimus humanoid robot uses Tesla’s supercomputer system Dojo as its brain and has super computing power. In terms of visual perception, Optimus mainly uses Tesla FSD's computer modules and solutions, and is equipped with 8 Autopilot cameras, with a maximum monitoring distance of up to 250 meters. These cameras can obtain detailed information about the surrounding environment and identify, classify and track it through machine vision technology.

In addition, Optimus also uses 40 electromechanical actuators, including the neck, hands, legs and torso, allowing it to perform various movements. The hand has 12 electromechanical actuators, allowing it to reach near-human levels of dexterity. The motion control of these electromechanical actuators is achieved through Tesla's machine vision technology and algorithms, which can sense and adapt to the environment, and make autonomous decisions and executions.

Among them, a noteworthy relationship is the relationship between Dojo and Optimus

Dojo supercomputer is Tesla’s latest progress in the field of AI. Its core is the “D1” chip with extremely powerful computing power and ultra-high bandwidth. It is interconnected through the Dojo interface processor. 25 chips form a training unit. , the computing power can reach 9 quadrillion times.

The Dojo supercomputer system was designed mainly to solve the needs of autonomous driving technology. It is closely integrated with FSD (Tesla’s autonomous driving system) and can process massive sensor data and improve autonomous driving through neural network training. Technical precision and stability.

Now, as a humanoid robot, Optimus has a built-in FSD chip on the screen that displays information on its face, sharing the AI ​​system with the car. After the camera collects information, the information can be processed through Tesla's neural network for identification, prediction and planning. The movement execution of the Optimus humanoid robot is realized through 40 electromechanical actuators. These electromechanical actuators are controlled by 40 electromechanical actuators mounted on the whole body. The feet can achieve smooth and agile walking through the force feedback sensing system, and the arms and hands are respectively Each relies on 12 electromechanical actuators to perform some delicate human tasks.

The data collected by Tesla can be used for this humanoid robot. In theory, this combination has huge room for imagination in the future

It has some similarities with the robots in the game "Detroit: Become Human", both of which are capable of performing various human actions and tasks. Now, Optimus has a human-like appearance and body structure. It can walk, carry objects, operate tools, etc., and can even perform some delicate tasks, such as picking up pens on the ground.

After applying more physical and mechanical principles, coupled with advances such as material strength, kinematics and dynamics, Optimus may one day really become what is described in the game.

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