How to configure Nginx proxy server through Docker container to achieve high availability of web services?

How to configure Nginx proxy server through Docker container to achieve high availability of web services?

In today's Internet era, the high availability of Web services is the goal pursued by every enterprise. Using Nginx as a proxy server is a common solution to achieve high availability. Using Docker as a containerization platform makes it easier to deploy and manage Nginx proxy servers.

This article will introduce how to configure the Nginx proxy server through Docker containers to achieve high availability of web services. We'll use an example to illustrate the steps.

1. Installing Docker
   First, we need to install Docker on the server. For details, please refer to Docker official documentation.
2. Create a Docker network
   In order to achieve high availability, we need to create a custom network on Docker so that multiple containers can communicate with each other. Execute the following command to create a network named "proxy_net":

docker network create proxy_net

3. Create Nginx container
   Next, we need to create an Nginx container. Before creating, we need an Nginx configuration file. Create a file named "nginx.conf" with the following content:

http {
    upstream backend {
        server web1:80;
        server web2:80;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

The above configuration file defines a proxy server group named "backend", which contains two web servers (web1 and web2) and forward all requests to these servers.

Next, execute the following command to create an Nginx container:

docker run -d --name nginx --net proxy_net -p 80:80 -v /path/to/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx

Among them, "--name nginx" specifies the name of the container, and "--net proxy_net" specifies the network to which the container belongs. "-p 80:80" maps port 80 of the container to port 80 of the host, and "-v /path/to/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" mounts the configuration file on the host to the container specified path within.

4. Create Web Server Containers
   Now, we need to create two Web server containers and join them to the network created in the previous step.

First, execute the following command to create a Web server container named "web1":

docker run -d --name web1 --net proxy_net -p 8081:80 nginx

Among them, "--name web1" specifies the name of the container, "-- net proxy_net" specifies the network to which the container belongs, and "-p 8081:80" maps the container's port 80 to the host's port 8081.

Then, execute the following command to create a Web server container named "web2":

docker run -d --name web2 --net proxy_net -p 8082:80 nginx

Similarly, "--name web2" specifies the name of the container, "--net proxy_net" Specifies the network to which the container belongs. "-p 8082:80" maps the container's port 80 to the host's port 8082.

So far, we have created an Nginx proxy server container and two web server containers and connected them to the same network.

5. Verify the high availability of the web service
   Now, we can verify the high availability of the web service by accessing port 80 of the Nginx container. Open your browser, enter the server's IP address and port number (for example: http://192.168.1.100:80), and refresh the page a few times.

Because the Nginx proxy server will forward the request to either of the two web server containers, different results may appear each time the page is refreshed. This achieves high availability of Web services.

Configuring the Nginx proxy server through Docker containers to achieve high availability of web services can provide stable and reliable services for enterprise web applications. In actual applications, you can add more web server containers as needed and adjust the Nginx configuration file to adapt to different scenarios.

Hope this article is helpful to you!

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