How to keep the code developed by the team in compliance with the latest PHP code specifications through regular code reviews?

How to keep the code developed by the team in compliance with the latest PHP code specifications through regular code reviews?

Introduction:
In team collaboration development, it is very important to maintain the consistency and standardization of code, especially when developing using PHP language. Regular code reviews are an effective way to help team members comply with the latest PHP code specifications. This article will introduce some specific methods to keep the code developed by the team in compliance with the latest PHP code specifications through regular code reviews.

1. Develop and communicate PHP code specifications

Before conducting code review, the team needs to develop a clear PHP code specification, including variable naming specifications, code indentation specifications, comment specifications, etc. . This ensures that team members adhere to the same norms during development, making code reviews more targeted.

Maintaining canonical code comments is a good start. Comments should explain the code's functionality, inputs and outputs, and any other information a developer might need to know. The following is an example:

/**
 * 计算两个数的和
 *
 * @param int $a 第一个加数
 * @param int $b 第二个加数
 * @return int 两个数的和
 */
function add($a, $b) {
    return $a + $b;
}

2. Training team members

Before the code review, the team needs to ensure that each member has an understanding of the latest PHP code specifications. Team members can be introduced to new norms and best practices through regular internal training. This can help team members understand and adapt to new specifications and improve the effectiveness of code reviews.

3. Choose the right tool for code review

It is also very important to choose the code review tool that suits the team. There are many open source tools that can help teams automatically check code specifications and give suggestions, such as PHP_CodeSniffer, PHP-CS-Fixer, etc.

Taking PHP_CodeSniffer as an example, we can use the following command to perform code specification checking:

$ phpcs --standard=PSR2 /path/to/code

This will check whether all PHP files under the specified path comply with the PSR-2 code specification. After running the check, PHP_CodeSniffer will output the number of non-conforming lines and an error message. Teams can add this command to the automated build process to automatically check every time code is committed.

4. Develop a code review process

Code review should become one of the standard processes for every project within the team. Every time new code is submitted to the code base, a code review should be initiated and suggestions for modifications should be made where the code violates the specifications. Team members should discuss in a friendly and constructive manner for better knowledge sharing and technical improvement.

The following is an example of a simple code review process:

1. Submit new code to the code base;
2. Initiate a code review and specify the reviewer;
3. The reviewer checks whether the code complies with the specifications and gives modification suggestions;
4. The code author modifies the code according to the reviewer's suggestions;
5. The reviewer reviews the modified code again;
6. Pass the review and merge the code;
7. Record the review results for future reference.

5. Code review precautions

When conducting code review, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Not only pay attention to code specifications, but also Pay attention to code quality. When reviewing code, you should focus on the readability, maintainability, performance, etc. of the code.
2. Avoid excessive criticism or accusations, as well as personal attacks. Code review should be a collaborative process with the goal of helping improve code quality and team collaboration.
3. Code review is not just about reviewing other people’s code, but also reviewing your own code. Every team member should participate in code reviews and continuously improve their coding and review capabilities.

6. Summary

Through regular code reviews, the team can maintain the latest PHP code specifications and improve code quality and team collaboration capabilities. Developing and communicating code specifications, conducting team training, selecting appropriate tools for code review, developing a code review process, and paying attention to details during code reviews are all keys to maintaining code specifications.

Reference link:

1. [PHP Coding Standards](https://www.php-fig.org/psr/)
2. [PHP_CodeSniffer](https ://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer)

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