When you think about the layout of a typical website, you will most likely include a list of important links (for navigation links to various sections of the page) to the right or left of the main content area. ).
This component is called a "sidebar" and is usually used as a menu on a web page. Although it is widely used, developers often add this element to websites for navigation between pages or even to different parts of a web page.
Let’s understand this feature and try to create a modern sidebar using only HTML and CSS.
A sidebar is a static column located to the right or left of the main content area. This component contains navigation links, widgets or other necessary links within the website (for home page, content or other parts).
An example is given below to demonstrate how to create a simple sidebar menu. The menu is located to the left of the main content area (the same layout as most websites).
In this example, we use CSS grid to divide the web page into two parts. 15% of a webpage makes up the sidebar menu and 85% makes up the main content.
By setting display: grid, it enables developers to convert any element into a grid container. To add columns we use,
grid-template-columns: value value;
value represents the width of the column. It can be expressed in length (px, cm, em) or as a percentage.
It is used to link external pages within a web page. It can also be used to link sections within a document. The id attribute uniquely defines the element.
<a href= "#"> </a>
The href attribute contains the URL of an external page or the ID of an internal part of the document.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title> Sidebar menu </title>
<style>
#main-doc {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 15% 85%;
grid-template-rows: auto;
grid-template-areas: "advert content";
}
.item1 {
padding: 10px;
}
#head {
font-family: serif !important;
color: #8b0000 !important;
font-weight: 900;
margin: 5px;
padding: 0 5px 5px;
}
.main-section {
font-family: Brush Script MT;
font-size: 20px;
color: #000080;
}
.item2 {
background: linear-gradient(-35deg, #fff000, #ffb6c1, #afeeee);
padding: 6px 8px 6px 16px;
margin: 0
}
.contents {
font-size: 26px !important;
color: grey;
}
.item1 a {
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 6px 16px 6px 16px;
display: block;
}
a:hover {
color: red;
transform: scale(1.1);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<main id="main-doc">
<div class="item1">
<nav id="navbar">
<header class="contents">
<strong> Contents </strong>
</header>
<br>
<a href="//m.sbmmt.com/link/115c51eb37365df2d4f4e2482b964822" class="nav-link"> Background </a>
<br>
<hr>
<a href="#romance" class="nav-link"> Romance </a>
<br>
<hr>
<a href="#relations" class="nav-link"> Relations </a>
<br>
<hr>
<a href="#voice_actors" class="nav-link"> Voice Actors </a>
<br>
<hr>
<a href="#costumes" class="nav-link"> Costumes </a>
<br>
<hr>
<a href="#gallery" class="nav-link"> Gallery </a>
<br>
<hr>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="item2">
<header id="head">
<h1> Animation Character </h1>
</header>
<section class="main-section" id="background">
<header>
<h1> Background </h1>
</header>
<hr>
<p> This is placeholder text. This paragraph contains information about the background of the character. </p>
</section>
<section class="main-section" id="romance">
<header>
<h1> Romance <h1>
<hr>
</header>
<p> This paragraph contains text related to the life of the character. </p>
</section>
<section class="main-section" id="relations">
<header>
<h1> Relations </h1>
</header>
<hr>
<ul>
<li> Mother <br>
<p> Text about character's mother </p>
<li> Father <br>
<p> Information about the father. </p>
<li> Sister <br>
<p> Text about character's sister </p>
<li> Friend <br>
<p> Text about friend </p>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="main-section" id="voice_actors">
<header>
<h1> Voice actors
<hr>
</h1>
</header>
<p> This contains information about voice actors in the animation </p>
</section>
<section class="main-section" id="costumes">
<header>
<h1> Costumes
<hr>
</h1>
</header>
<br>
<br>
</section>
</body>
</html>
Here we will create a toggleable sidebar. In this example, we create a sidebar and position it to the left of the content area. We have a button in the content area that when clicked collapses the sidebar we created.
We used CSS transition properties to smoothly change the position of the sidebar. When the button is clicked, the position of the sidebar changes from 0 to -160px (equal to the width of the sidebar). In other words, the sidebar moves left by its width.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title> Toggle Sidebar </title>
<style>
body {
margin: 0;
}
.container {
display: flex;
min-height: 90px;
}
.sidebar {
position: relative;
left: 0;
margin-right: 20px;
width: 160px;
background-color: #ccc;
transition: all 0.20s;
}
.sidebar.collapsed {
left: -160px;
margin-right: -150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="sidebar" id="sidebar">
<strong> Sidebar menu </strong>
<ul>
<a href="#" class="nav-link">
<li> Link 1 </li>
</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-link">
<li> Link 2 </li>
</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-link">
<li> Link 3 </li>
</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-link">
<li> Link 4 </li>
</a>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="content">
<h2> This is an example. This contains the main content area. </h2>
<br> Click the button below to toggle the sidebar <br>
<br>
<button onclick="document.getElementsByClassName('sidebar')[0].classList.toggle('collapsed')"> toggle Sidebar </button>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
In this article, we discussed two types of sidebar menus in web pages. One of them is the basic sidebar and the other is the toggle sidebar. They are all designed using only HTML and CSS.
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