Golang code is too long? Try code optimization and refactoring

As an efficient and highly efficient programming language, Golang was once highly sought after by developers. However, despite Golang's concise syntax, in actual development, it is easy to ignore code specifications and structure, causing the code to become lengthy, difficult to read and maintain.

When developers implement certain complex but necessary functions, they often find that the code they write is too lengthy and difficult to control. How can this code be optimized? This article will introduce some useful methods and techniques to help developers better optimize and refactor Golang code.

1. Extract public functions

When we start writing code, similar operations often appear repeatedly in different functions. Not only does this make the code verbose, it's also difficult to maintain. In this case, we can consider extracting these similar operations into an independent public function and calling it where needed. This not only reduces the code length, but also makes the code more concise and clear.

For example, the following code implements two very similar functions:

func doSomething1() {
    // some complicated logic
    ...
    // some other complicated logic
    ...
}

func doSomething2() {
    // some complicated logic
    ...
    // some other complicated logic
    ...
}

We can extract these two functions to form a common function:

func doSomething() {
    // some complicated logic
    ...
    // some other complicated logic
    ...
}

func main() {
    doSomething()
}

In this way, we can replace the calls of doSomething1() and doSomething2() by calling doSomething(), which greatly reduces the code verbosity.

2. Different variable types use different variable declaration methods

In Golang, there are three different variable declaration methods: var, const and :=. These three methods have different usage scenarios.

When we need to define a global variable or define a variable with a value of zero, we should use the var declaration method:

var globalVar int // 定义全局变量
var nilSlice []int // 定义一个值为零值的 slice

If we need to define a constant, then The const declaration method should be used:

const pi = 3.1415926
const daysInWeek = 7

When we want to define a new variable and initialize it, we should use the := declaration method:

name := "Golang"
age := 10

Appropriate use of different variable declaration methods can make the code clearer and easier to understand, and optimize the code structure.

3. Use structures to optimize code

In Golang, structures are very common. They are a custom data type that can combine different data types. Use Used to describe data with complex internal structures.

By using structures, we can build a program structure that is clearer and easier to maintain. For example, in a simple program, we need to constantly read and modify the information entered by the user. We can use the following method:

type UserInfo struct {
    Name    string
    Age     int
    Address string
}

func main() {
    var user UserInfo
    user.Name = "Bob"
    user.Age = 30
    user.Address = "Beijing"
    ...
}

The advantage of using structures is that we can combine related data structures into a larger data structure, making the code more readable. Additionally, structures provide a convenient way to pass and manipulate data between functions.

4. Avoid nested if-else statements

In Golang, if-else statements are common conditional expressions, such as:

if a > b {
    // do something
} else {
    // do something else
}

However, in actual development, we often see nested if-else statements, as shown below:

if a > b {
    // do something
} else {
    if b > c {
        // do something else
    } else {
        // do something else
    }
}

Although such a code structure can work normally, it is often not clear enough and difficult to read and maintain. . In order to optimize this code structure, we can use switch-case statements or multiple if-else to reconstruct multiple situations:

switch {
case a > b:
    // do something
case b > c:
    // do something else
default:
    // do something
}

or:

if a > b {
    // do something
} else if b > c {
    // do something else
} else {
    // do something
}

5. Reduce Function call

Function call is a relatively expensive operation in Golang, because it requires allocating stack space for the parameters of the function call and spending time on stack pushing and restoration. Therefore, in situations with high performance requirements, we should reduce the number of function calls as much as possible.

How to reduce function calls? You can use inline functions or inject code directly into the call site. Inline functions refer to replacing function calls directly with function code, so that the overhead of function calls is eliminated. In Golang language programming, inlining can be achieved by adding the inline keyword when declaring a function:

func inlineFunc() inline {
    // some complicated logic
    ...
}

In short, optimizing and refactoring Golang code can make the code clearer, concise and easier It makes it more understandable and readable, and improves program performance and quality. If your Golang code is too long and complex, you might as well try the above methods and techniques. I believe it will be of great help to you to improve the quality of your Golang code and development efficiency.

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