Take you through several methods of communication between Angular components-JS Tutorial-php.cn

AngularHow to communicate between components? The following article will take you through the method of component communication in Angular. I hope it will be helpful to you!

Take you through several methods of communication between Angular components

In the previous article, we talked aboutAngular combined with NG-ZORRO rapid development. Front-end development is largely component-based development and is always inseparable from communication between components. So, inAngulardevelopment, what is the communication between its components like? [Related tutorial recommendations: "angular tutorial"]

Draw inferences from one example,VueandReactare similar with minor differences

This article is pure text and relatively boring. Because the things printed by the console are relatively useless, I don’t include pictures. Hmm~ I hope readers can more easily absorb it by following the explanation code~

1. The parent component passes the value to the child component through attributes

It is equivalent to you customizing a property and passing the value to the sub-component through the introduction of the component.Show you the CODE.

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Call the child component in the parent component, here name aparentPropattribute.

// child.component.ts import { Component, OnInit, Input } from '@angular/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-child', templateUrl: './child.component.html', styleUrls: ['./child.component.scss'] }) export class ChildComponent implements OnInit { // 输入装饰器 @Input() parentProp!: string; constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { } }

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The child component accepts the variableparentProppassed in by the parent component and backfills it to the page.

 Hello! {{ parentProp }}

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2. The child component passes information to the parent component through the Emitter event

Passes the data of the child component to the parent throughnew EventEmitter()components.

// child.component.ts import { Component, OnInit, Output, EventEmitter } from '@angular/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-child', templateUrl: './child.component.html', styleUrls: ['./child.component.scss'] }) export class ChildComponent implements OnInit { // 输出装饰器 @Output() private childSayHi = new EventEmitter() constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { this.childSayHi.emit('My parents'); } }

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Notifies the parent component throughemit, and the parent component monitors the event.

// parent.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-communicate', templateUrl: './communicate.component.html', styleUrls: ['./communicate.component.scss'] }) export class CommunicateComponent implements OnInit { public msg:string = '' constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { } fromChild(data: string) { // 这里使用异步 setTimeout(() => { this.msg = data }, 50) } }

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In the parent component, after we monitor the data from thechildcomponent, we use the asynchronous operation ofsetTimeout. It's because we performedemitafter initialization in the subcomponent. The asynchronous operation here is to preventRace Conditioncompetition errors.

We also have to add thefromChildmethod to the component, as follows:

 Hello! {{ msg }}

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3. Through references, the parent component obtains the properties and methods of the child component

We obtain the subcomponent object by manipulating the reference, and then access its properties and methods.

We first set the demo content of the child component:

// child.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; @Component({ selector: 'app-child', templateUrl: './child.component.html', styleUrls: ['./child.component.scss'] }) export class ChildComponent implements OnInit { // 子组件的属性 public childMsg:string = 'Prop: message from child' constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { } // 子组件方法 public childSayHi(): void { console.log('Method: I am your child.') } }

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We set the reference identifier of the child component on the parent component#childComponent:

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After Call on thejavascriptfile:

import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild } from '@angular/core'; import { ChildComponent } from './components/child/child.component'; @Component({ selector: 'app-communicate', templateUrl: './communicate.component.html', styleUrls: ['./communicate.component.scss'] }) export class CommunicateComponent implements OnInit { @ViewChild('childComponent') childComponent!: ChildComponent; constructor() { } ngOnInit(): void { this.getChildPropAndMethod() } getChildPropAndMethod(): void { setTimeout(() => { console.log(this.childComponent.childMsg); // Prop: message from child this.childComponent.childSayHi(); // Method: I am your child. }, 50) } }

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Is there a limitation to this method? That is, the modifier of the sub-property needs to bepublic, when it isprotectedorprivate, an error will be reported. You can try changing the modifier of the subcomponent. The reason for the error is as follows:

Type	Usage scope
public	Allowed to be called inside and outside the tired, the widest scope
protected	Allowed to be used within the class and inherited subclasses, the scope is moderate
private	Allowed to be used inside a class, with the narrowest scope

4. To change

through service, we will demonstrate it withrxjs.

rxjsis a library for reactive programming usingObservables, which makes it easier to write asynchronous or callback-based code.

There will be an article to recordrxjslater, so stay tuned

Let’s first create a file namedparent-and-childservices.

// parent-and-child.service.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular/core'; import { BehaviorSubject, Observable } from 'rxjs'; // BehaviorSubject 有实时的作用，获取最新值 @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' }) export class ParentAndChildService { private subject$: BehaviorSubject = new BehaviorSubject(null) constructor() { } // 将其变成可观察 getMessage(): Observable { return this.subject$.asObservable() } setMessage(msg: string) { this.subject$.next(msg); } }

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Next, we reference it in the parent and child components, and their information is shared.

// parent.component.ts import { Component, OnDestroy, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; // 引入服务 import { ParentAndChildService } from 'src/app/services/parent-and-child.service'; import { Subject } from 'rxjs' import { takeUntil } from 'rxjs/operators' @Component({ selector: 'app-communicate', templateUrl: './communicate.component.html', styleUrls: ['./communicate.component.scss'] }) export class CommunicateComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy { unsubscribe$: Subject = new Subject(); constructor( private readonly parentAndChildService: ParentAndChildService ) { } ngOnInit(): void { this.parentAndChildService.getMessage() .pipe( takeUntil(this.unsubscribe$) ) .subscribe({ next: (msg: any) => { console.log('Parent: ' + msg); // 刚进来打印 Parent: null // 一秒后打印 Parent: Jimmy } }); setTimeout(() => { this.parentAndChildService.setMessage('Jimmy'); }, 1000) } ngOnDestroy() { // 取消订阅 this.unsubscribe$.next(true); this.unsubscribe$.complete(); } }

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import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; import { ParentAndChildService } from 'src/app/services/parent-and-child.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-child', templateUrl: './child.component.html', styleUrls: ['./child.component.scss'] }) export class ChildComponent implements OnInit { constructor( private parentAndChildService: ParentAndChildService ) { } // 为了更好理解，这里我移除了父组件的 Subject ngOnInit(): void { this.parentAndChildService.getMessage() .subscribe({ next: (msg: any) => { console.log('Child: '+msg); // 刚进来打印 Child: null // 一秒后打印 Child: Jimmy } }) } }

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In the parent component, we change the value after one second. So in the parent-child component, the initial valuenullofmsgwill be printed as soon as it comes in, and then after one second, the changed valueJimmywill be printed. . In the same way, if you provide service information in a child component, while the child component prints the relevant values, it will also be printed in the parent component. For more programming-related knowledge, please visit:Introduction to Programming! !

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