Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel-Laravel-php.cn

This article brings you relevant knowledge aboutlaravel, which mainly introduces some basic knowledge, including how to install Laravel, routing, validators, views, etc., the following is Let's take a look, hope it helps everyone.

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

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1. Install laravle

1. Install composer

2. Execute the command:

##composer create-project laravel/laravel project folder name-- prefer-dist

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

2. Directory Introduction

app: The core code of the application
bootstrap: An app.php file that guides the framework, a cache directory (including routing and cache files), and the framework startup file. Generally, it does not move.
config: All configuration files
database: The migrations directory can generate data tables .
public: Entry file storage location, and static resources (similar to tp)
resources:
routes: All route definitions applied
tests: Available for Unit test
vendor: All composer dependency packages

3. First introduction to routing

1. Several common requests

Route::get( $u r l,$ callback);
Route::post( $u r l,$ callback);
Route::put( $u r l,$ callback);
Route::delete( $u r l,$ callback);

2. Match the specified request method

Route::match(['get','post'],'/',function(){});

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3. Configure any request method

Route::any('/home', function () { });

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4. Add must to the route Fill in the parameters

Route::get('/home/{id}', function ($id) { echo 'id为：'.$id;});

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5. Add optional parameters to the route

Route::get('/home/{id?}', function ($id = '') { echo 'id为：'.$id;});

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6. Pass the get parameter in the form of ?

Route::get('/home', function () { echo 'id为：'.$_GET['id'];});

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7. Add an alias to the route

Route::any('/home/index', function () { echo '测试';})->name('hh');

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8. Set routing group

For example, the following route:

/admin/login
/admin/index
/admin /logout
/admin/add

If adding them one by one is more troublesome, they have a common difference, they all have the /admin/ prefix, and you can set up a routing group Add the group:

Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin'], function () { Route::get('test1', function () { echo 'test1'; }); Route::get('test2', function () { echo 'test2'; });});

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You can now access it through /admin/test1.

9. Routing configuration controller

The controller can build a front desk and a back desk:

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

命令行创建路由：

php artisan make:controller Admin/IndexController

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基本路由建立：

Route::get('test/index','TestController@index');

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分目录路由建立：

Route::get('/admin/index/index','Admin\IndexController@index');

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四、laravel验证器

引入：use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator

$param = $request->all();$rule = [ 'name'=>'required|max:2',];$message = [ 'required' => ':attribute不能为空', 'max' => ':attribute长度最大为2'];$replace = [ 'name' => '姓名',];$validator = Validator::make($param, $rule, $message,$replace);if ($validator->fails()){ return response()->json(['status'=>0,'msg'=>$validator->errors()->first()]);}

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五、控制器获取用户输入的值

在控制器中如果要使用一个类，例如use Illuminate\Http\Request，就可以简写为use Request。
但是需要在config目录下的app.php配置文件中加入：

'aliases' => [ 'App' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\App::class, 'Arr' => Illuminate\Support\Arr::class, 'Artisan' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan::class, 'Auth' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth::class, 'Blade' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Blade::class, 'Request' => Illuminate\Support\Facades\Request::class, ],

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1、获取用户单个输入值：

Input::get('id')

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2、获取用户输入的所有值：

Input::all()

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打印出来的是数组

关于dd（dump+die）

3、获取用户输入指定的值：

Input::only(['id','name'] //只接收id,其余不接受

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4、获取用户输入指定值之外的值：

Input::except(['name'] //不接收name，其余都接收

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5、判断某个值是否存在

Input::has('name') //存在返回true 不存在返回false 其中0返回true

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六、视图的创建与使用

1、视图的创建

视图也可分目录管理：

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
控制器语法：

return view('home/test');

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也可写为：

return view('home.test');

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2、变量映射

控制器中：

return view('home/test',['day'=>time()]);

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视图中：

{{$day}}

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其中控制器中变量映射有三种：

view（模板文件，数组）
view（模板文件）->with（数组）
view（模板文件）->with（数组）->with（数组）

了解一下compact数组。

3、视图渲染

3.1 foreach的使用

控制器中：

public function index(){ $arr = [ 0 => [ 'name' => 'tom', 'age' => '12', ], 1 => [ 'name' => 'bby', 'age' => '13', ] ]; return view('home/test',['data'=>$arr]); }

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视图中：

@foreach($data as $k=>$v) 键：{{$k}} 值：{{$v['name']}} 
@endforeach

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3.2 if的使用

@if(1==2) 是的 @else 不是的 @endif

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4、视图之间的引用

@include('welcome')

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七、模型的创建与使用

1、创建模型的命令

php artisan make:model Model/Admin/Member

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此时，就会在app目录内创建：
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

2、模型基本设置


        
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3、模型数据添加

方式一：

$model = new Member(); $model->sname = '勒布朗'; $res = $model->save(); dd($res);

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方式二：

$model = new Member(); $res = $model->create($request->all()); dd($res);

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4、模型的表连接

//查询客户与销售顾问的客资列表$data = Custinfo::select(['custinfo.*', 'customers.name']) ->join('customers', 'customers.id', '=', 'custinfo.cust_id') ->where($where) ->get() ->toArray();

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5、简单模型关联一对一


        
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hasOne('App\Model\Admin\Phone', 'uid', 'id'); }}

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//对象转数组 public function Arr($obj) { return json_decode(json_encode($obj), true); } public function index(){ $infoObj = Member::with('getPhone')->get(); $infoArr = $this->Arr($infoObj); print_r($infoArr); }

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Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel

八、日志

1、自定义日志目录

在config目录下的logging.php中的channels配置：

'custom' => [ 'driver' => 'single', 'path' => storage_path('logs/1laravel.log'), 'level' => 'debug', ]

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控制器中：

$message = ['joytom','rocker'];Log::channel('custom')->info($message);

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九、迁移文件

建立一个迁移文件：php artisan make:migration create_shcool_table

会在database\migrations下创建一个文件：
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
在up方法中增加如下代码：

bigIncrements('id'); $table->string('school_name','20')->notNull()->unique(); $table->tinyInteger('status')->default(1); $table->timestamps(); }); } /** * Reverse the migrations. * * @return void */ public function down() { Schema::dropIfExists('shcool'); }}

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更详细的生成SQL方法请参考：数据迁移文件常用方法速查表

写好SQL文件以后，执行：php artisan migrate
Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
将会生成数据表，其中操作日志将记录在这个表中：

Summarize and organize the basic knowledge of Laravel
php artisan migrate:rollback：回滚最后一次的迁移操作, 删除（回滚）之后会删除迁移记录，并且数据表也会删除，但是迁移文件依旧存在，方便后期继续迁移（创建数据表）。

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