What are the three types of calculation tools?

Calculation tools include: 1. Abacus, a form of manual calculation aid; 2. Mechanical computer, which is composed of mechanical parts such as levers and gears instead of electronic parts; 3. Modern electronic computer, commonly known as computer, It is a modern electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculations. It can perform numerical calculations, logical calculations, and has storage and memory functions.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

Calculation tools include abacus, mechanical calculator, and computer.

Calculation tools refer to the instruments used in calculations or the physical objects that assist calculations. Since the birth of mathematics, people have been constantly looking for tools that can facilitate and speed up calculations. Therefore, calculations and computational tools are closely related.

Appliances used in calculations or physical objects to assist calculations. Finger counting is the most convenient calculation tool. When children learn to count, they always move their fingers first, and adults often stretch out their fingers when expressing numbers.

Abacus

The abacus (abacus) is a form of manually operated calculation aid. It originated in China and has a history of more than 2,600 years. It is an important invention in ancient China.

Before the advent of Arabic numerals, the abacus was a widely used calculation tool in the world.

Today, the abacus continues to be used in parts of Asia and the Middle East, especially in stores, where it can be purchased from stores that offer Chinese and Japanese goods. In the West, it is sometimes used to help young children understand numbers, and some mathematicians like to experience using an abacus to solve simple arithmetic problems

Mechanical Computer

Mechanical computer (English: mechanical computer) is composed of mechanical parts such as levers and gears rather than electronic parts. The most common examples are adding machines and mechanical counters, which use the rotation of gears to increase the output of a display. More complex examples can perform multiplication and division.

A mechanical computer can be an analog that uses a smooth mechanism (such as a curved board or slide rule) to perform calculations, or a digital computer that uses gears.

Mechanical computers reached their peak during World War II, where they formed the basis of complex bombsights, including the Norden, and similar ship computing devices such as the Torpedo Data Computer in the United States and the Admiralty Fire Brigade in the United Kingdom. It is important to note that mechanical flight instruments on early spacecraft provided calculated output as an indication of surface displacement rather than in numerical form. From Yuri Gagarin's first manned spaceflight until 2002, every manned Soviet/Russian spacecraft Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz spacecraft were equipped with Globus instruments, which displayed the spacecraft's position through moving miniature globes. Displacement above the Earth, plus latitude and longitude indicators.

Mechanical computers continued to be used into the 1960s, but were quickly replaced by electronic calculators that appeared in the mid-1960s and used the output of cathode ray tubes. This evolution reached its peak in the 1970s with the introduction of inexpensive handheld electronic calculators. Mechanical computers gradually disappeared in the 1970s and became extinct by the 1980s.

Modern electronic computer

Computer, commonly known as computer, is a modern electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculations. It can perform numerical calculations and logic. Calculation, and also has storage and memory functions. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to the program and process massive data automatically and at high speed.

is composed of a hardware system and a software system. A computer without any software installed is called a bare metal computer. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer, and embedded computer. The more advanced computers include biological computers, photon computers, quantum computers, etc.

Computer inventor John von Neumann. The computer is one of the most advanced scientific and technological inventions in the 20th century. It has had an extremely important impact on human production activities and social activities, and is developing rapidly with strong vitality. Its application fields have expanded from its initial application in military scientific research to various fields of society. It has formed a huge computer industry, driven technological progress on a global scale, and triggered profound social changes. Computers have been used in general schools and enterprises. Public institutions have entered the homes of ordinary people and become an indispensable tool in the information society.

Computer applications are becoming more and more common in China. After the reform and opening up, the number of Chinese computer users continues to rise, and the application level continues to improve. In particular, applications in the Internet, communications, multimedia and other fields have achieved good results. From 1996 to 2009, the number of computer users increased from 6.3 million to 67.1 million, and the number of networked computers increased from 29,000 to 59.4 million. Internet users have reached 316 million, and wireless Internet users have 670 million mobile users, including 117 million mobile Internet users, ranking first in the world.

For more related knowledge, please visit the FAQ column!

The above is the detailed content of What are the three types of calculation tools?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!