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《Web开发中让盒子居中的几种方法》

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-20 08:42:19
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一、记录下几种盒子居中的方法:

1.0、margin固定宽高居中;

2.0、负margin居中;

3.0、绝对定位居中;

4.0、table-cell居中;

5.0、flex居中;

6.0、transform居中;

7.0、不确定宽高居中(绝对定位百分数);

8.0、button居中。

 

二、代码演示(html使用同一个Demo):

html Demo:

<span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="container"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="box"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span></span></span>
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1.0、margin固定宽高居中(演示)

这种定位方法纯粹是靠宽高和margin拼出来的,不是很灵活。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 150px 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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2.0、负margin居中(演示)

利用负的margin来进行居中,需要知道固定宽高,限制比较大。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> relative</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> absolute</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    left</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 50%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    top</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 50%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> -100px -100px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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3.0、绝对定位居中(演示)

利用绝对定位居中,非常常用的一种方法。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> relative</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> absolute</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    left</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    top</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    right</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    bottom</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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4.0、table-cell居中(演示)

利用table-cell来控制垂直居中。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    display</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> table-cell</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    vertical-align</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> middle</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0 auto</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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5.0、flex居中(演示)

CSS3中引入的新布局方式,比较好用。缺点:IE9以及IE9一下不兼容。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    display</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> -webkit-flex</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    display</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> flex</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    -webkit-align-items</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> center</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
            align-items</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> center</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    -webkit-justify-content</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> center</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
            justify-content</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> center</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
} 
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6.0、transform居中(演示)

这种方法灵活运用CSS中transform属性,较为新奇。缺点是IE9下不兼容。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> relative</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> relative</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    top</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 50%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    left</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 50%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    transform</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> translate(-50%, -50%)</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    -webkit-transform</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> translate(-50%, -50%)</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    -ms-transform</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> translate(-50%, -50%)</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    -moz-transform</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> translate(-50%, -50%)</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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7.0、不确定宽高居中(绝对定位百分数)(演示)

这种不确定宽高的居中,较为灵活。只需要保证left和right的百分数一样就可以实现水平居中,保证top和bottom的百分数一样就可以实现垂直居中。

CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">#container </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> relative</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> auto</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
#box </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> absolute</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    left</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 30%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    right</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 30%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    top</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 25%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    bottom</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 25%</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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8.0、button居中(演示)

利用button做外容器,里边的块元素会自动垂直居中,只需要控制一下水平居中就可以达到效果。

HTML:

<span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">button</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">button</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span></span>
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CSS:

<span style="color: #800000;">button </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 600px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 500px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 1px solid #000</span>;
}<span style="color: #800000;">
div </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    height</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 200px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    margin</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 0 auto</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    background-color</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> #0ff</span>;
}
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