What is the precedence of php operators?

青灯夜游
Release: 2023-02-27 10:24:01
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What is the precedence of php operators?

PHP operator priority

PHP operator priority describes the order in which operations are performed when the computer calculates expressions. . Operations with higher priority are performed first, followed by operations with lower priority. For example, we often say that multiplication and division are performed first, and then addition and subtraction are performed.

Order of php operator precedence

The following table lists the precedence of operators from high to low. Operators in the same line have the same precedence, and the precedence of operators is evaluated from left to right in the expression.

Priority Combining direction Operator Additional information
1 non-binding clone new clone and new
2 left [ array()
3 Non-associative -- Increment/decrement operator
4 Non-associative ~-(int)(float)(string)(array)(object)(bool)@ Type
5 Non-associative instanceof Type
6 Right combination ! Logical operator
7 Left */ % Arithmetic operator
8 left -. Arithmetic operators and string operators
9 left <<&gt ;> Bitwise operators
10 Non-associative <<= >>=<> Comparison operator
11 Non-associative ==!====!== Comparison operator
12 left & Bitwise Operators and References
13 left ^ Bitwise operators
14 left | Bitwise operations Symbol
15 left && Logical operator
16 left || Logical operator
17 left ?: ternary operator
18 right = =-=*=/= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= Assignment Operator
19 left and logical operator
20 left xor logical operator
21 left or logical operator
22 left ,

is used in many places to illustrate that

pairs have the same For precedence operators, the left associative direction means that the evaluation will be from left to right, and the right associative direction means the opposite. It is possible that an operator with the same precedence without associative direction cannot be combined with itself.

For example, in PHP 1 < 2 > 1 is an illegal statement, but 1 <= 1 == 1 is not. Because <= has higher priority than ==.

&lt;?php
	$a = 3 * 3 % 5; // (3 * 3) % 5 = 4
	$a = true ? 0 : true ? 1 : 2; // (true ? 0 : true) ? 1 : 2 = 2
	$a = 1;
	$b = 2;
	$a = $b += 3; // $a = ($b += 3) -&gt; $a = 5, $b = 5
	// mixing ++ and + produces undefined behavior
	$a = 1;
	echo ++$a + $a++; // may print 4 or 5
?&gt;
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So under the premise that we are very clear about the priority of PHP operations, it is best to use parentheses to mark the priority when writing operators. This is more readable and is also a good programming Habit.

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