Explication détaillée de l'optimisation des fonctions C++ : Comment optimiser les performances multithread ?

// 启用优化标志
#pragma GCC optimize("O3", "-parallel")

// 优化函数
int sum(const std::vector<int>& numbers) {
  int result = 0;
  for (int number : numbers) {
    result += number;
  }
  return result;
}

// 使用并发容器
std::vector<int> numbers(1000000);
std::atomic<int> result;

// 并发地累加数字
std::thread threads[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i] = std::thread([&numbers, &result, i]() {
    for (int j = i * numbers.size() / 8; j < (i + 1) * numbers.size() / 8; j++) {
      result += numbers[j];
    }
  });
}

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i].join();
}

// 获取最终结果
int final_result = result.load();

// 使用互斥量保护共享数据
std::mutex m;
int shared_data = 0;

// 使用互斥量并发地更新共享数据
std::thread threads[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i] = std::thread([&m, &shared_data, i]() {
    for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m);
      shared_data += i;
    }
  });
}

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i].join();
}

// 获取最终结果
int final_result = shared_data;

// 使用智能指针共享对象
std::shared_ptr<MyObject> object = std::make_shared<MyObject>();

// 在多个线程中并发访问共享对象
std::thread threads[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i] = std::thread([&object, i]() {
    std::cout << object->getValue() << std::endl;
  });
}

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i].join();
}

// 使用细粒度锁避免锁争用
std::mutex locks[10];
int shared_data[10];

// 并发地更新共享数据，每个数据块使用自己的锁
std::thread threads[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i] = std::thread([&locks, &shared_data, i]() {
    for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(locks[i]);
      shared_data[i] += i;
    }
  });
}

for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
  threads[i].join();
}

// 获取最终结果
int final_result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  final_result += shared_data[i];
}