Algorithme de coloration du tracé Welsh-Powell

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

// Graph structure
struct Graph {
    int V;  // Number of vertices
    vector<vector<int>> adj;  // Adjacency list

    // Constructor
    Graph(int v) : V(v), adj(v) {}

    // Function to add an edge between two vertices
    void addEdge(int u, int v) {
        adj[u].push_back(v);
        adj[v].push_back(u);
    }
};

// Function to compare vertices based on weight
bool compareWeights(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) {
    return a.second > b.second;
}

// Function to perform graph coloring using Welsh-Powell algorithm
void graphColoring(Graph& graph) {
    int V = graph.V;
    vector<pair<int, int>> vertexWeights;

    // Assign weights to each vertex based on their degree
    for (int v = 0; v < V; v++) {
        int weight = graph.adj[v].size();
        vertexWeights.push_back(make_pair(v, weight));
    }

    // Sort vertices in descending order of weights
    sort(vertexWeights.begin(), vertexWeights.end(), compareWeights);

    // Array to store colors assigned to vertices
    vector<int> color(V, -1);

    // Assign colors to vertices in the sorted order
    for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) {
        int v = vertexWeights[i].first;

        // Find the smallest unused color for the current vertex
        vector<bool> usedColors(V, false);
        for (int adjVertex : graph.adj[v]) {
            if (color[adjVertex] != -1)
                usedColors[color[adjVertex]] = true;
        }

        // Assign the smallest unused color to the current vertex
        for (int c = 0; c < V; c++) {
            if (!usedColors[c]) {
                color[v] = c;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    // Print the coloring result
    for (int v = 0; v < V; v++) {
        cout << "Vertex " << v << " is assigned color " << color[v] << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    // Create a sample graph
    Graph graph(6);
    graph.addEdge(0, 1);
    graph.addEdge(0, 2);
    graph.addEdge(1, 2);
    graph.addEdge(1, 3);
    graph.addEdge(2, 3);
    graph.addEdge(3, 4);
    graph.addEdge(4, 5);

    // Perform graph coloring
    graphColoring(graph);

    return 0;
}

Vertex 0 is assigned color 2
Vertex 1 is assigned color 0
Vertex 2 is assigned color 1
Vertex 3 is assigned color 2
Vertex 4 is assigned color 0
Vertex 5 is assigned color 1

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unordered_set>

using namespace std;

class Graph {
private:
    int numVertices;
    vector<unordered_set<int>> adjacencyList;

public:
    Graph(int vertices) {
        numVertices = vertices;
        adjacencyList.resize(numVertices);
    }

    void addEdge(int src, int dest) {
        adjacencyList[src].insert(dest);
        adjacencyList[dest].insert(src);
    }

    int getNumVertices() {
        return numVertices;
    }

    unordered_set<int>& getNeighbors(int vertex) {
        return adjacencyList[vertex];
    }
};

void welshPowellLargestFirst(Graph graph) {
    int numVertices = graph.getNumVertices();
    vector<int> colors(numVertices, -1);

    vector<pair<int, int>> largestFirst;
    for (int i = 0; i < numVertices; i++) {
        largestFirst.push_back(make_pair(graph.getNeighbors(i).size(), i));
    }

    sort(largestFirst.rbegin(), largestFirst.rend()); 
    int numColors = 0;
    for (const auto& vertexPair : largestFirst) {
        int vertex = vertexPair.second;

        if (colors[vertex] != -1) {
            continue; // Vertex already colored
        }

        colors[vertex] = numColors;

        for (int neighbor : graph.getNeighbors(vertex)) {
            if (colors[neighbor] == -1) {
                colors[neighbor] = numColors;
            }
        }

        numColors++;
    }

    // Print assigned colors
    for (int i = 0; i < numVertices; i++) {
        cout << "Vertex " << i << " - Color: " << colors[i] << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    Graph graph(7);

    graph.addEdge(0, 1);
    graph.addEdge(0, 2);
    graph.addEdge(0, 3);
    graph.addEdge(1, 4);
    graph.addEdge(1, 5);
    graph.addEdge(2, 6);
    graph.addEdge(3, 6);

    welshPowellLargestFirst(graph);

    return 0;
}

Vertex 0 - Color: 0
Vertex 1 - Color: 0
Vertex 2 - Color: 1
Vertex 3 - Color: 1
Vertex 4 - Color: 0
Vertex 5 - Color: 0
Vertex 6 - Color: 1