Detailed explanation of tput commands commonly used in Linux open source projects

tput command is a very practical tool that can control and format text and color in the terminal. In Linux open source projects, especially in scripting and command line interface design, tput is a widely used command. This article will delve into the various uses of the tput command and provide rich sample code to help readers fully understand its functions and uses.

Clear screen

tput command can be used to clear the contents of the terminal screen.

The following example will clear all text on the screen:

tput clear

This will clear the text on the terminal screen so that it becomes blank.

Set text color

You can use the tput command to set the foreground and background colors of text.

The following example sets the text to red:

tput setaf 1
echo "This is red text."
tput sgr0 #Restore default color

This will display red text in the terminal. setaf is used to set the foreground color, 1 means red. sgr0 Used to restore default colors.

Set text style

tput The command can also be used to set the text style, such as bold, underline, etc.

The following example sets text to bold:

tput bold
echo "This is bold text."
tput sgr0 #Restore default style

This will display bold text in the terminal. bold is used to set the text style to bold, sgr0 is used to restore the default style.

Get terminal size

Use the tput command to get the number of rows and columns of the terminal.

The following example will get the number of rows and columns of the terminal and output it:

lines=$(tput lines)
cols=$(tput cols)
echo "Terminal has $lines lines and $cols columns."

This will display the number of rows and columns of the terminal.

Move cursor position

You can use the tput command to move the position of the terminal cursor.

The following example moves the cursor to row 5, column 10:

tput cup 5 10
echo "Cursor moved to row 5, column 10."

This will put the cursor at the specified location on the terminal.

Hide and show cursor

tput The command can also be used to hide and show the terminal cursor.

The following example will hide the cursor:

tput civis # Hide cursor

To display the cursor, you can use the following command:

tput cnorm #Show cursor

Get terminal color ability

If you want to know whether the terminal supports color, you can use the tput command to obtain the terminal's color capabilities.

The following example will check if color is supported:

if [ "$(tput colors)" -ge 8 ]; then
echo "This terminal supports color."
else
echo "This terminal does not support color."
fi

This will tell the terminal if it supports at least 8 colors.

Set background color

In addition to setting the text color, the tput command can also be used to set the background color of the text.

The following example sets the text on a green background:

tput setab 2
echo "This text has a green background."
tput sgr0 #Restore default color

This will display text with a green background in the terminal. setab is used to set the background color, 2 represents green, and sgr0 is used to restore the default color.

Get and set the text color value

Sometimes, you may need to get the value of the text color and use it for other operations.

The following example gets the value of the red text color:

red_color=$(tput setaf 1)
echo "${red_color}This text is red.${reset_color}"

Here, ${reset_color} is the variable used to restore the default color. This will help set text color dynamically in scripts.

Create a colored text interface

Using the tput command, you can create a colored text interface to improve the readability of the user interface.

The following example creates a colored text interface with a title and text:

# Set color
title_color=$(tput setaf 4) # blue
text_color=$(tput setaf 2) # Green
reset_color=$(tput sgr0) #Restore default color

#Create text interface
echo "${title_color}Welcome to My App${reset_color}"
echo "${text_color}This is some important information.${reset_color}"

This will create a colored text interface with a blue title and green text.

Summarize

By in-depth understanding of the various uses of the tput command, you can better control and customize the display of terminal text. This is useful for scripting, command line interface design, and improving user experience. I hope these sample codes will help you understand the tput command more comprehensively and use it flexibly in various scenarios in Linux open source projects.

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