Tips for converting strings to numbers using Golang

To implement string to number conversion techniques in Golang, specific code examples are required

In Golang, it is often necessary to convert strings to corresponding number types, such as Convert the integer represented by the string to the int type, and convert the floating-point number represented by the string to the float type. This article will introduce several common string-to-number conversion techniques and provide specific code examples.

1. Use the Parse series of functions in the strconv package

Golang's strconv package provides a series of functions for converting strings. When converting a string to an integer, we can use the ParseInt function; when converting a string to a floating point number, we can use the ParseFloat function. The specific usage of these functions is as follows:

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // 字符串转换为整数
    str := "666"
    num, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }

    // 字符串转换为浮点数
    str := "3.14"
    num, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }
}

In the above code, we convert the strings "666" and "3.14" into integers and floating point numbers respectively, and output the conversion results. It should be noted that the second parameter of the ParseInt and ParseFloat functions indicates the base used for conversion, and the third parameter indicates the number of digits in the conversion result.

2. Use the Atoi and ParseFloat functions in the strconv package

In addition to the Parse series of functions, the strconv package also provides convenient Atoi and ParseFloat functions dedicated to converting strings Convert to integers and floating point numbers. The usage of these two functions is as follows:

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // 字符串转换为整数
    str := "999"
    num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }

    // 字符串转换为浮点数
    str := "2.718"
    num, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }
}

In the above code, we also convert the strings "999" and "2.718" into integers and floating point numbers, and output the conversion results. As you can see, the Atoi function directly converts a string into an integer, while the ParseFloat function is used in the same way as the Parse series functions introduced earlier.

3. Use the Parse series functions in the strconv package with digit type conversion

The above two methods are to convert strings into fixed-digit integers or floating-point numbers. . If you need to convert a string to an int64 type or other digit type, you can first convert the string to a standard int or float type, and then convert it to the target type through type conversion. The specific code examples are as follows:

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // 字符串转换为int64类型
    str := "123456789"
    num64, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        num := int(num64)
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }

    // 字符串转换为float32类型
    str := "3.14"
    num64, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败：", err)
    } else {
        num := float32(num64)
        fmt.Println("转换结果：", num)
    }
}

In the above code, we convert the string "123456789" to the int64 type and convert it to the int type again; we convert the string "3.14" to the float64 type and convert it again It is float32 type. As you can see, conversion of different digit types can be achieved in this way.

Summary:

This article introduces the techniques for converting strings to numbers in Golang and provides specific code examples. By using the Parse series of functions or the Atoi/ParseFloat function in the strconv package, we can easily convert strings to integers or floating point numbers. It should be noted that when converting, you should pay attention to specifying the base and number of digits, and handle possible errors in the conversion. In addition, if the conversion result needs to be converted to other bit types, this can be achieved through type conversion. I hope this article can be helpful to Golang developers.

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