Ubuntu 20.04 desktop version graphic tutorial: ultra-detailed installation steps

1. Preparation tools

• VMWare Workstation15 Pro；
• ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso;

2. Initial configuration of virtual machine

1) Select File → New Virtual Machine in VMWare Workstation to create a new virtual machine;

2) Select the "Custom (Advanced)" option in the "New Virtual Machine Wizard" that opens, and click Next;

3) Use the default configuration in "Select Virtual Machine Hardware Compatibility" and click Next;

4) In the "Install guest operating system" option, select "Install the operating system later" and click Next;

5) In the "Select Guest Operating System" option, select "Linux" as the guest operating system, and select Ubuntu 64-bit version (because the Ubuntu20.04 system is a Linux system, 64-bit);

6) On the "Name Virtual Machine" page, name the virtual machine to be created, specify the location where the virtual machine is stored, and click Next;

7) In the "Processor Configuration" interface, specify the number of processors of the virtual machine and the number of cores of each processor;

8) In the "Memory of this virtual machine" configuration interface, specify the amount of available memory for the virtual machine. This amount of memory is shared with the memory owned by the host (original operating system). It can be based on the memory owned by the machine. Select and configure the actual physical memory amount;

9) In the "Network Type" configuration interface, you can select the network type owned by the virtual machine network card, including bridge network, NAT network, Host Only network and no network. The meaning and difference of each network will be later Will explain, here you can select the default "Use Network Address Translation (NAT)" item;

10) In the "Select I/O Controller Type" option, you can specify the I/O controller type used by the virtual machine. This option will affect the IO performance of the disk. You can choose LSI Logic and LSI Logic SAS. There are two options. The specific meanings and differences of each item will be explained later. Here you can choose the default "LSI Logic" option;

11) In the "Select Disk Type" option, you can specify the interface type of the hard disk owned by the virtual machine. Generally, the recommended SCSI is used by default;

12) In the "Select Disk" option, you can specify the type of hard disk used by the virtual machine. If it is a newly created virtual machine, you need to select "Create a new virtual disk", which means the hard disk used by the virtual machine. It is newly created and does not use disks previously created for other virtual machines;

13) In the "Specify disk capacity" option, you can specify the size of the hard disk space owned by the virtual machine. Since the hard disk space occupied by the virtual machine comes entirely from the hard disk space of the physical machine where it is located, therefore, The value entered in "Maximum disk size" is the maximum space value of the hard disk owned by the virtual machine. When the first item "Allocate all disk space immediately" is not checked, the size of the disk space occupied by the virtual machine increases with the current value. The actual usage of the virtual machine's hard disk depends on it, and the maximum value should not exceed the "Maximum disk size" value allocated to the virtual machine. In addition, it is recommended to select "Save the virtual disk as a single file", which also makes it easier to store the virtual machine's hard disk in different locations. Move between locations;

14) In the "Specify Disk File" option, specify the location where the virtual machine's hard disk file is stored;

15) In the "Ready to Create Virtual Machine" option, all the previous configurations made for the virtual machine will be given for checking the previous configuration. If errors are found in the previous configuration, you can click "Auto "Define Hardware" to change the previous configuration. In addition, you can click "Customize Hardware" here, and in the pop-up option box, specify the ISO image file required for installing the system for the virtual machine (in the "Preparation" chapter The mentioned Ubuntu20.04 system ISO image);

16) After clicking the "Customize Hardware" option in step (15), in the pop-up "Hardware" configuration box, by clicking the "New CD/DVD (SATA)" option, you can click the "New CD/DVD (SATA)" option in the context on the right Specify the Ubuntu20.04 ISO image file required in the menu;

17) After selecting the ISO image required for system installation, return to step (15). After clicking Finish, the virtual machine configuration completion interface will appear. If you need to modify the configuration again, you can click "Edit Virtual Machine Settings" " to make modifications. If no modification is required, you can click "Open this virtual machine" to install the virtual machine.

3. Ubuntu20.0.4 system installation

1) After finishing

2) After clicking "Turn on this virtual machine", the system will first perform a self-check of installing the image, and you need to wait quietly here;

3) In the pop-up "Welcome" interface, you need to select the system language to be installed and the trial system (Try Ubuntu) or the installation system (Install Ubuntu). Install Ubuntu should be selected here. In addition, it is strongly recommended that the language Select English instead of Chinese to avoid Chinese characters appearing in the folder name after installation and making it inconvenient to enter commands during use;

4) In the "keyboard layout" option interface, you need to specify the keyboard layout format. You can use the default here. It is strongly recommended not to select other configurations, otherwise the key values ​​of the keyboard after installation will match the key sequence of the keyboard you are using. Not on;

5) In the "Update and other software" option, it is recommended to uncheck "Download updates while installing Ubuntu". In this way, only the native system will be installed during the installation process, and system updates will not be performed online, which will greatly save the installation system. time; in addition, it is recommended to select the "Normal installation" option, which will configure a graphical interface for the system. If "Mininal installation" is selected, it will be a minimal system installation without a graphical interface, which is inconvenient for desktop systems;

6) In the "Installation type" option, you need to specify the operation of the hard disk. If it is the first installation, just select the first item "Erase disk and install Ubuntu", which means erasing the contents of the hard disk and installing the Ubuntu system;

7) In the pop-up "Write the changes to disks" option, you will be prompted for the default partitioning method used by the system. The default is used here and click Continue;

8) During the installation process, you will be prompted to select the time zone where the system is located, so that the system can perform time synchronization operations. In China, you can directly select "Shanghai". Here you need to click the mouse on the corresponding location to select, and then click Continue to the next step;

9) In the "Who are you" configuration interface. It mainly allows users to specify the user name, machine name and password of the virtual machine system. You can enter it according to your preference;

10) At this point, you have officially entered the system installation process. The following screen will appear, indicating that the system installation process is in progress and files are being copied;

11) After the system is installed, the "Installation Complete" dialog box will pop up, prompting that the system has been installed. At this time, click "Restart Now" to restart the system to enter the installed Ubuntu20.04 virtual machine system;

12) The following interface appears, indicating that the system starts normally. At this time, click on the user name, enter the corresponding password to enter the system, and you can start enjoying the Ubuntu20.04 system!

Set ip (NAT8), if you don’t know how to set ip for NAT8, you can check it

Logic diagram of three network modes of VMware virtual machine (super detailed)

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