PHP-FPM performance optimization: considerations for improving website form processing speed

PHP-FPM performance optimization: Precautions to improve website form processing speed

Introduction:

With the rapid development of the Internet, website forms have Become one of the important ways for users to interact with the website. However, with the continuous increase in the number of users and the complexity of user behavior, the requirements for website form processing speed are also getting higher and higher. PHP-FPM is a PHP FastCGI manager that provides high performance. It can further improve website form processing speed through some optimization measures. This article will focus on some considerations for PHP-FPM performance optimization and provide specific code examples.

1. Properly configure the PHP-FPM process pool parameters

PHP-FPM’s process pool parameters have a direct impact on the website form processing speed. When a user submits a form request, PHP-FPM needs to create a process to handle the request. If the process pool parameters are set unreasonably, it will lead to frequent creation and destruction of processes, which increases the burden on the server and reduces the website form processing speed.

The following are some commonly used PHP-FPM process pool parameters and their functions:

1. pm.max_children: Specifies the maximum number of processes in the process pool. The setting of this parameter needs to be determined based on the performance of the server and the actual needs of the website. If the setting is too low, it may result in insufficient processes to handle multiple form requests at the same time; if the setting is too high, it may occupy too many server resources. It is recommended to make appropriate adjustments according to the actual situation.
2. pm.start_servers: Specifies the number of processes when the process pool starts. The setting of this parameter should be determined based on the number of concurrent visits to the website. If the setting is too low, form requests may need to wait for process creation, affecting the user experience; if the setting is too high, too many server resources will be occupied. It is recommended to make appropriate adjustments according to the actual situation.
3. pm.min_spare_servers and pm.max_spare_servers: Specify the minimum and maximum number of idle processes in the process pool. The settings of these two parameters should be determined based on the number of concurrent visits to the website. If the setting is too low, it may result in insufficient processes to process form requests in time; if the setting is too high, it may occupy too many server resources. It is recommended to make appropriate adjustments according to the actual situation.

The following is an example PHP-FPM process pool configuration file:

[www]
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 20

2. Database query optimization

During website form processing, it is usually necessary to modify the database Perform read and write operations. The efficiency of database query directly affects the form processing speed. The following are some methods to optimize database queries:

1. Use indexes: Creating appropriate indexes in database tables can greatly improve the efficiency of queries. Based on the characteristics of the table and query frequency, select appropriate columns to create indexes.

Sample code:

CREATE INDEX idx_user_id ON users (user_id);

2. Avoid full table scan: Try to avoid using columns without indexes as query conditions, otherwise it will lead to full table scan and cause performance bottleneck.

Sample code:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 18;

3. Multiple table query optimization: When querying multiple tables, use appropriate connection methods and joint indexes to avoid excessive data interaction and data copy.

Sample code:

SELECT * FROM users u INNER JOIN orders o ON u.user_id = o.user_id WHERE u.age > 18;

3. Use caching to improve performance

During website form processing, some data can be cached to avoid duplication database queries, thereby improving performance. The following are some commonly used caching techniques:

1. Use memory cache: load frequently used data into memory and obtain it directly from memory every time it is needed. Common memory caching tools include Memcached and Redis.

Sample code:

// 读取缓存
$data = $cache->get('key');
if (!$data) {
    // 从数据库获取数据
    $data = $db->query('SELECT * FROM users');
    // 将数据存入缓存
    $cache->set('key', $data);
}

2. Page caching: For some page content that does not change frequently, you can cache it and return the cached page directly to avoid repeated PHP deal with.

Sample code:

// 判断缓存是否存在
if ($cache->exists('page_cache')) {
    // 直接返回缓存
    echo $cache->get('page_cache');
} else {
    // 生成页面内容
    $content = generate_page_content();
    // 将页面内容存入缓存
    $cache->set('page_cache', $content);
    // 输出页面内容
    echo $content;
}

Conclusion:

By properly configuring PHP-FPM process pool parameters, optimizing database queries and utilizing caching technology, we can improve website forms processing speed, thereby improving user experience. The above are only some common optimization methods. Specific optimization measures need to be selected and adjusted according to the actual situation of the website. Through continuous optimization, we can provide users with a better website experience.

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