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How to use the linux gzip compression command

青灯夜游

Release： 2022-11-25 19:28:28

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In Linux, the gzip command is used to compress and decompress files. The extension of the new file compressed by this command is usually marked as ".gz", and the syntax is "gzip [option] source document". The source file in the syntax refers to an ordinary file when performing a compression operation; when performing a decompression operation, it refers to a compressed file. The gzip command can only be used to compress files, not directories. Even if a directory is specified, it can only compress all files in the directory.

How to use the linux gzip compression command

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux7.3 system, Dell G3 computer.

gzip is a command often used to compress and decompress files in Linux systems. The extension of the new file compressed by this command is usually marked as ".gz".

I would like to emphasize again that the gzip command can only be used to compress files, not directories. Even if a directory is specified, it can only compress all files in the directory.

The basic format of the gzip command is as follows: The source file in the

[root@localhost ~]# gzip [选项] 源文件

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command refers to an ordinary file when compressing; when decompressing When compressing, it refers to compressing files. The commonly used options and meanings of this command are shown in Table 1.

##- cOutput compressed data to standard output and preserve the source file. -dDecompress the compressed file. -rRecursively compress all files in the specified directory and subdirectories. -vFor each compressed and decompressed file, the corresponding file name and compression ratio are displayed. -lFor each compressed file, the following fields are displayed: -The number is used to specify the compression level. -1 has the lowest compression level and the worst compression ratio; -9 has the highest compression ratio. The default compression ratio is -6.

Table 1 gzip command common options and their meanings
Options	Meaning




	The size of the compressed file; Uncompressed file The size; Compression ratio; The name of the uncompressed file.

[Example 1] Basic compression

gzip compression command is very simple, you don’t even need to specify the compressed package name after compression, just specify the source file name That’s it. Let’s try:

[root@localhost ~]# gzip install.log
#压缩instal.log 文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg install.log.gz install.log.syslog
#压缩文件生成，但是源文件也消失了

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[Example 2] Keep source file compression

When using the gzip command to compress a file, the source file will disappear, thus generating a compressed file. At this time, some people will have obsessive-compulsive disorder and ask the author: Can you prevent the source file from disappearing when compressing the file? Okay, it's possible, but it's very awkward.

[root@localhost ~]# gzip -c anaconda-ks.cfg >anaconda-ks.cfg.gz
#使用-c选项，但是不让压缩数据输出到屏幕上，而是重定向到压缩文件中，这样可以缩文件的同时不删除源文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg anaconda-ks.cfg.gz install.log.gz install.log.syslog
#可以看到压缩文件和源文件都存在

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[Example 3] Compressing directories

We may take it for granted that the gzip command can compress directories. Let’s try it:

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir test
[root@localhost ~]# touch test/test1
[root@localhost ~]# touch test/test2
[root@localhost ~]# touch test/test3 #建立测试目录，并在里面建立几个测试文件
[root@localhost ~]# gzip -r test/
#压缩目录，并没有报错
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg anaconda-ks.cfg.gz install.log.gz install.log.syslog test
#但是查看发现test目录依然存在，并没有变为压缩文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls test/
testl .gz test2.gz test3.gz
#原来gzip命令不会打包目录，而是把目录下所有的子文件分别压缩

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In Linux, packaging and compression are handled separately. The gzip command can only compress, not package, so there will be a situation where there is no packaging directory, but only the files in the directory are compressed.

Case demonstration:

Compressed file

 [root@localhost ~]# ls //显示当前目录文件
 a.c b.h d.cpp
 [root@localhost ~]# gzip * //压缩目录下的所有文件
 [root@localhost ~]# ls //显示当前目录文件
 a.c.gz    b.h.gz    d.cpp.gz
 [root@localhost ~]#

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Continue from example 1 and list detailed information

gzip -dv * //解压文件，并列出详细信息

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How to use the linux gzip compression command

Continue with Example 1, display compressed file information

gzip -l *

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How to use the linux gzip compression command

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