Computer hardware mainly consists of motherboard, CPU and what

Computer hardware mainly consists of motherboard, CPU, memory stick, hard disk and graphics card. The motherboard is a platform on which various components in the computer work. It closely connects the various components of the computer together, and each component transmits data through the motherboard. CPU is the central processing unit, which is the computing core and control core of a computer. A hard drive is an external memory and is composed of one or more aluminum or glass discs. The graphics card is one of the basic components of a personal computer and is responsible for outputting and displaying graphics.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

Hardware (English name Hardware) is the abbreviation of computer hardware (termed in mainland China and Hong Kong, and called: hardware in Taiwan). It refers to various physical components in the computer system composed of electronic, mechanical and optoelectronic components. The general name of the device. These physical devices form an organic whole according to the requirements of the system structure and provide a material basis for the operation of computer software.

In short, the function of the hardware is to input and store programs and data, and to execute the program to process the data into a usable form.

The five major hardware components of a computer host generally refer to: motherboard, CPU, memory stick, hard disk, and graphics card. These five major items directly affect the performance of the computer.

1. Motherboard

The motherboard is a platform on which various components in the computer work. It closely connects the various components of the computer together, and each component transmits data through the motherboard. . In other words, the important "transportation hubs" in the computer are all on the motherboard, and its working stability affects the stability of the entire machine.

2. CPU

CPU is the central processing unit, which is the computing core and control core of a computer. Its function is mainly to interpret computer instructions and process data in computer software. The CPU is composed of arithmetic units, controllers, registers, caches, and buses that implement data, control, and status between them. As the core of the entire system, the CPU is also the highest execution unit of the entire system. Therefore, the CPU has become the core component that determines the performance of the computer. Many users use it as a standard to judge the grade of the computer.

3. Memory stick

Memory is also called internal memory or random access memory (RAM), which is divided into DDR memory and SDRAM memory. (However, SDRAM has low capacity. The storage speed is slow and the stability is poor. It has been eliminated by DDR.) Memory is an electronic storage device. It is composed of circuit boards and chips. It is characterized by small size, fast speed, and can be stored when there is power. It can be cleared without power, that is, when the computer is turned on. Data can be stored in the internal memory during operation, and all data in it will be automatically cleared after shutting down. There are three categories of memory: DDR, DDR II, and DDR III, with capacities from 1 to 64GB.

4. Hard disk

The hard disk is the most important storage device of the computer. The hard disk (called hard disk in Hong Kong and Taiwan, English name: Hard Disk Drive, HDD for short, full name Winchester hard drive) is composed of one or more aluminum or glass discs. These discs are covered with ferromagnetic material.

Most hard drives are fixed hard drives, which are permanently sealed and fixed in the hard drive. Early hard drive storage media were replaceable, but today's typical hard drives are fixed storage media that are sealed within the hard drive (except for a filter hole to equalize air pressure). With the development, removable hard disks have also appeared, and they are becoming more and more popular, and there are more and more types. The hard disks installed on most microcomputers are called "winchester" technology because they adopt Winchester technology. "Chester hard drive", or simply "warm drive".

Hard disks are external memories. Mechanical hard disks are made of metal magnetic sheets, and the magnetic sheets have a memory function, so the data stored on the magnetic sheets will not be lost whether the machine is turned on or off. The hard disk capacity is very large, reaching TB level, with sizes of 3.5, 2.5, 1.8, 1.0 inches, etc., and interfaces including IDE, SATA, SCSI, etc., with SATA being the most common. Mobile hard drives are storage products that use hard drives as storage media and emphasize portability. The vast majority of mobile hard drives on the market are based on standard hard drives, while only a few are based on micro hard drives (1.8-inch hard drives, etc.). However, price factors determine that mainstream mobile hard drives are still based on standard notebook hard drives. Base. Because the hard disk is used as the storage medium, the data reading and writing mode of the mobile hard disk is the same as that of the standard IDE hard disk. Mobile hard disks mostly use faster transmission interfaces such as USB and IEEE1394, which can transmit data to the system at a higher speed. Solid-state hard drive is a hard drive made from an array of solid-state electronic storage chips and consists of a control unit and a storage unit (FLASH chip). The shape and size of solid-state drives are completely the same as ordinary hard drives, but solid-state drives are faster than mechanical hard drives.

5. Graphics card

The graphics card cooperates with the monitor to output graphics and text when working. Its function is to convert and drive the display information required by the computer system and send it to the monitor. It provides line scan signals to control the correct display of the monitor. It is an important component connecting the monitor and the personal computer motherboard, and is one of the important devices for "human-machine dialogue".

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