What does linux operation and maintenance do?

Linux operation and maintenance work: 1. Service monitoring; 2. Service fault management; 3. Service capacity management; 4. Service performance optimization; 5. Service global traffic scheduling; 6. Service task scheduling; 7 , Service security guarantee; 8. Automatic service release and deployment; 9. Service cluster management; 10. Database management, etc.

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.

The main work content of Linux operation and maintenance

Linux operation and maintenance is the position with the largest number of people and the highest salary among many jobs. The focus of this article is Introducing the career of Linux operation and maintenance, this article is jointly written by Marco Education, an organization specializing in Linux operation and maintenance learning and career development, and enthusiasts.

Internet Linux operation and maintenance work is service-centered and takes stability, security, and efficiency as the three basic points to ensure that the company's Internet business can provide users with high-quality services 7×24 hours. Operations and maintenance responsibilities cover the product life cycle from design to release, operation and maintenance, changes and upgrades, and offline.

The responsibilities of operation and maintenance are important and extensive throughout the entire life cycle of a product, but the responsibilities of operation and maintenance engineers are not limited to this part of the work. They also need to summarize the problems encountered in the work and extract relevant technical directions, Develop related tools and platforms to support/optimize business development and improve operation and maintenance efficiency. Related technical work mainly includes:

• Service monitoring technology: including the development and application of monitoring platforms, Guarantee of accuracy, real-time and comprehensiveness of service monitoring

• Service fault management: including service fault plan design, automated execution of the plan, fault summary and feedback to product/system Optimize at the design level to improve product stability

• Service capacity management: measuring service capacity, planning service room construction, expansion, migration, etc.

• Service performance optimization: improve service performance and response speed from all directions, including network optimization, operating system optimization, application optimization, client optimization, etc., and improve user experience

• Service global traffic scheduling: The traffic accessing the service is allocated to each computer room according to the capacity and service status.

• Service task scheduling: The scheduling of various scheduled/non-scheduled tasks of the service Trigger and status monitoring

• Service security: including service access security, attack prevention, permission control, etc.

• Data transmission technology: including p2p R&D and application of various transmission technologies, as well as solutions to problems such as long-distance big data transmission

• Service automatic release and deployment: development of deployment platforms/tools, and use of platforms/tools, Achieve safe and efficient service release

• Service cluster management: including service server management, large-scale cluster management, etc.

• Service cost optimization : Reduce the resources used for service operation as much as possible and reduce service operation costs

• Database Management (DBA): Make database services more stable and more efficient by designing, developing and managing high-performance database clusters Efficient and easier to manage.

• Platform development: development and management of platforms such as docker, and service access technology

• Development optimization and development of distributed storage platforms Access

, etc., any work related to service quality, efficiency, cost, security, etc., and the technologies, components, tools, and platforms involved are all operated and maintained. within the category. Doing a good job in each technical direction and completing the corresponding component, tool, and platform research and development can play a positive role in fulfilling operation and maintenance responsibilities and exert a key influence on the development of the business.

Linux operation and maintenance work classification

Operation and maintenance work has many directions. With the continuous development of business scale, the more mature Internet companies , the operation and maintenance positions will be divided into more details. At present, many large Internet companies only have system operation and maintenance in their early stages. As the requirements for scale and service quality increase, work has gradually been subdivided. Under normal circumstances, the work classification (see Figure 1-1) and responsibilities of the operation and maintenance team are as follows.

2.1-Application Operation and Maintenance (SRE): Application Operation and Maintenance is responsible for online service changes, service status monitoring, service disaster recovery and data backup, etc., and performs maintenance on services. Routine troubleshooting, emergency fault handling, etc. The job responsibilities are as follows: design review, service management, resource management, routine inspections, plan management, and data backup.

2.2-System Operation and Maintenance (SYS): Responsible for the construction of IDC, network, CDN and basic services (LVS, NTP, DNS); responsible for asset management, server selection, delivery and maintenance. The job responsibilities are as follows: IDC data center construction, network construction, LVS load balancing and SNAT construction, CDN planning and construction, server selection, delivery and maintenance, kernel selection and OS related maintenance work, asset management, and basic service construction.

2.3-Database Operation and Maintenance (DBA): Database operation and maintenance is responsible for data storage solution design, database table design, index design and SQL optimization, and changes, monitoring, backup, high-availability design and other work on the database. Detailed work content As follows: design review, capacity planning, data backup and disaster recovery, database monitoring, database security, database high availability and performance optimization, automated system construction, operation and maintenance research and development, operation and maintenance platform, monitoring system, and automated deployment system.

2.4-Operation and Maintenance Security (SEC): Operation and maintenance security is responsible for the security reinforcement of networks, systems and businesses, etc., conducts regular security scans, penetration tests, develops security tools and systems, and responds to security incidents. Processing, the work content is as follows: safety system establishment, safety training, risk assessment, safety construction, safety compliance, and emergency response.

Linux operation and maintenance daily use software and skills

The operation and maintenance platforms and tools used by operation and maintenance engineers include:

• Web server: apache, tomcat, nginx, lighttpd

• Monitoring: nagios, ganglia, cacti, zabbix

• Automatic Deployment: ansible, sshpt, salt

• Configuration management: puppet, cfengine

• Load balancing: lvs, haproxy, nginx

• Transmission tools: scribe, flume

• Backup tools: rsync, wget

• Database: mysql, oracle, sqlserver

• Distributed platform: hdfs, mapreduce, spark, storm, hive

• Distributed database: hbase, cassandra, redis, MongoDB

• Containers: lxc, docker

• Virtualization: openstack, xen, kvm

• Security: kerberos , selinux, acl, iptables

• Problem tracing: netstat, top, tcpdump, last

Operation and maintenance is based on technology and is guaranteed by technology Products provide higher quality services. The responsibilities of operation and maintenance work and their position in the business determine that operation and maintenance engineers need to have more extensive knowledge and in-depth technical capabilities:

• Solid basic computer knowledge, including computer system architecture , operating system, network technology, etc.;

• General application requires understanding of operating system, network, security, storage, CDN, DB, etc., and knowing their related principles;

• Programming ability, ranging from the development of small operation and maintenance tools to the development of large-scale operation and maintenance systems/platforms, requires good programming ability;

• Data analysis ability: Able to organize and analyze various data of system operation to identify problems and find solutions;

• Rich system knowledge, including system tools, typical system architecture, common platform selection, etc. ;

• The ability to comprehensively utilize tools and platforms;

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