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PHP遍历数组的三种方法及效率对比分析_php技巧

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Release: 2016-05-16 20:23:25
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本文实例分析了PHP遍历数组的三种方法及效率对比。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

今天有个朋友问我一个问题php遍历数组的方法,告诉她了几个。顺便写个文章总结下,如果总结不全还请朋友们指出

第一、foreach()

foreach()是一个用来遍历数组中数据的最简单有效的方法。

<&#63;php 
    $urls= array('aaa','bbb','ccc','ddd');
    foreach ($urls as $url){ 
      echo "This Site url is $url! <br />";
    } 
&#63;>
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显示结果:

This Site url is aaa 
This Site url is bbb 
This Site url is ccc 
This Site url is ddd

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第二、while() 和 list(),each()配合使用。

<&#63;php 
    $urls= array('aaa','bbb','ccc','ddd'); 
    while(list($key,$val)= each($urls)) { 
      echo "This Site url is $val.<br />"; 
    } 
&#63;> 

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显示结果:

This Site url is aaa
This Site url is bbb
This Site url is ccc
This Site url is ddd

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第三、for()运用for遍历数组

<&#63;php 
    $urls= array('aaa','bbb','ccc','ddd'); 
    for ($i= 0;$i< count($urls); $i++){ 
      $str= $urls[$i]; 
      echo "This Site url is $str.<br />"; 
    } 
&#63;>
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显示结果:

This Site url is aaa 
This Site url is bbb 
This Site url is ccc 
This Site url is ddd 

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有时候有人也在问这几种遍历数组的方法哪个更快捷些呢,下面做个简单的测试就明白了

下面来测试三种遍历数组的速度

一般情况下,遍历一个数组有三种方法,for、while、foreach。其中最简单方便的是foreach。下面先让我们来测试一下共同遍历一个有50000个下标的一维数组所耗的时间。

<&#63;php 
  $arr= array(); 
  for($i= 0; $i< 50000; $i++){ 
  $arr[]= $i*rand(1000,9999); 
  } 
  function GetRunTime() 
  { 
  list($usec,$sec)=explode(" ",microtime()); 
  return ((float)$usec+(float)$sec); 
  } 
  ###################################### 
  $time_start= GetRunTime(); 
  for($i= 0; $i< count($arr); $i++){ 
  $str= $arr[$i]; 
  } 
  $time_end= GetRunTime(); 
  $time_used= $time_end- $time_start; 
  echo 'Used time of for:'.round($time_used, 7).'(s)<br /><br />'; 
  unset($str, $time_start, $time_end, $time_used); 
  ###################################### 
  $time_start= GetRunTime(); 
  while(list($key, $val)= each($arr)){ 
  $str= $val; 
  } 
  $time_end= GetRunTime(); 
  $time_used= $time_end- $time_start; 
  echo 'Used time of while:'.round($time_used, 7).'(s)<br /><br />'; 
  unset($str, $key, $val, $time_start, $time_end, $time_used); 
  ###################################### 
  $time_start= GetRunTime(); 
  foreach($arr as$key=> $val){ 
  $str= $val; 
  } 
  $time_end= GetRunTime(); 
  $time_used= $time_end- $time_start; 
  echo 'Used time of foreach:'.round($time_used, 7).'(s)<br /><br />'; 
&#63;>

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测试结果:

Used time of for:0.0228429(s) 
Used time of while:0.0544658(s) 
Used time of foreach:0.0085628(s)
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经过反复多次测试,结果表明,对于遍历同样一个数组,foreach速度最快,最慢的则是while。从原理上来看,foreach是对数组副本进行操作(通过拷贝数组),而while则通过移动数组内部指标进行操作,一般逻辑下认为,while应该比foreach快(因为foreach在开始执行的时候首先把数组复制进去,而while直接移动内部指标。),但结果刚刚相反。原因应该是,foreach是PHP内部实现,而while是通用的循环结构。所以,在通常应用中foreach简单,而且效率高。在PHP5下,foreach还可以遍历类的属性。

希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

source:php.cn
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