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编写php应用程序实现摘要式身份验证的方法详解

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-13 11:50:03
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通基本身份认证一样,也可以使用PHP网页处理HTTP请求报头字段来匹配摘要式身份验证信息。例如下边的代码使用header()函数要求客户端使用Digest验证,它在HTTP消息报头中增加了一个WWW-Authenticate字段:
header('WWW-Authenticate:Digest Realm="MyRealm",nonce="47alf7cf25ce7",algorithm=MD5,qop="auth"');
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下边代码描述的是一个使用摘要式身份验证的网页(首先取消Apache验证配置)。

复制代码 代码如下:


$realm="MyRealm";
//如果没有验证信息,则发送报头要求浏览器使用摘要式身份验证
if(!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])){
 header("WWW-Authenticate:Digest Realm=/"$realm/",nonce=/"".uniqid()."/",algorithm=MD5,qop=/"auth/"");
 header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
 echo "账号/密码错误!";
 exit;
}else{
 //使用函数http_digest_parse解析验证信息
 $data=http_digest_parse($_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_DIGEST"]);
 if(!$data){
  header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
  echo "账号/密码错误!";
  exit;
  }else{
   //根据HTTP协议,自己构建一个response值
   $A1=md5('admin:'.$realm.':password');
   $A2=md5($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'].':'.$data['uri']);
   $valid_response=
   md5($A1.':'.$data['nonce'].':'.$data['nc'].':'.$data['cnonce'].':'.$data['qop'].':'.$A2);}
   //将自己构建的response值与浏览器构建并发送过来的response值对比,如果相同那么就证明用户名和密码输入是正确的
   if($data['response']==$valid_response){
    echo "验证通过!";
   }else{
    header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorization Required");
    echo("账号/密码错误!");
    exit;
   }
  }
function http_digest_parse($digest_str){
 $needed_parts=array('nonce'=>1,'nc'=>1,'cnonce'=>1,'qop'=>1,'username'=>1,'uri'=>1,'response'=>1);
 //使用正则表达式解析Authorization报头的内容
 preg_match_all('@(/w+)=([/'"]?)([a-zA-Z0-9=.//_-]+)/2@',$digest_str,$result,PREG_SET_ORDER);
 //将结果填充$data数组,并返回
 $data=array();
 foreach($result as $m){
  $data[$m[1]]=$m[3];
  unset($needed_parts[$m[1]]);
 }
 return $needed_parts?false:$data;
}
?>


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