How to get the value of a data attribute in JavaScript
To get the value of a data attribute in JavaScript, you can use the dataset attribute or the getAttribute() method. 1. When using the dataset attribute, the data-prefix attribute will automatically be converted to camelCase form. For example, data-user-id corresponds to dataset.userId, which is suitable for standard naming and the code is more concise; 2. Use the getAttribute() method to directly obtain the value through the complete attribute name, such as getAttribute('data-user-id'), which is suitable for dynamic attribute names or scenarios that require precise control; 3. dataset only contains attributes starting with data-, and dataset returns undefined when no attribute is set, and getAttribute() returns null; select the appropriate method according to readability and specific needs.
To get the value of a data attribute in JavaScript, you can use the dataset
property or the getAttribute()
method. Both are reliable, but they work slightly differently and are useful in different scenarios.

Using the dataset
property
The dataset
property provides a convenient way to access data attributes that are prefixed with data-
. The key thing to know is that data attribute names are automatically converted to camelCase in the dataset
object.
For example, if you have an HTML element like this:

<div id="myElement" data-user-id="123" data-category-name="Books"></div>
You can access the values like this:
const element = document.getElementById('myElement'); console.log(element.dataset.userId); // "123" console.log(element.dataset.categoryName); // "Books"
-
data-user-id
becomesuserId
(hyphens followed by a letter becomes uppercase letters) -
data-category-name
becomescategoryName
This method is clean and intuitive, especially when working with many data attributes.

Using getAttribute()
Alternatively, you can use getAttribute()
to get the exact value by the full attribute name:
const element = document.getElementById('myElement'); console.log(element.getAttribute('data-user-id')); // "123" console.log(element.getAttribute('data-category-name')); // "Books"
This method:
- Is more explicit and avoids any confusion about naming conversion
- Works consistently even with unusual or complex data attribute names
- Is useful when the attribute name is stored in a variable or built dynamically
Key points to remember
- Use
dataset
for simplicity when attribute names follow standard naming (letters, numbers, hyphens) - Use
getAttribute()
when you need full control or are working with dynamic attribute names -
dataset
only includes attributes that start withdata-
- If a data attribute is not set, both methods return
undefined
ornull
(dataset
returnsundefined
,getAttribute()
returnsnull
)
Basically, both approaches work well—choose based on readability and your specific use case.
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