What are fallthrough attributes in Vue
Transparent properties in Vue.js refer to properties that are passed from the parent component to the child component but are not explicitly declared as props. They are automatically applied to the root element of the child component. 1. By default, Vue 3 will pass undeclared attributes such as class, style, id, event listener, etc. to the root element of the subcomponent; 2. If the subcomponent template has multiple root nodes, inheritAttrs: false and use v-bind="$attrs" to manually control the attribute binding position; 3. $attrs contains all attributes that are not declared by props or emits, which can be used to flexibly distribute transparent attributes; 4. This mechanism makes the encapsulated component closer to native HTML behavior, improving reusability and intuitiveness.
In Vue.js, fallthrough attributes refer to attributes (like class
, style
, id
, or event listeners such as @click
) that are passed down from a parent component to a child component without being explicitly declared as props.

When you use a component in Vue, any attributes you apply to it that aren't recognized as props will automatically be added to the child component's root element —this is the default behavior in Vue 3. This is what we mean by "fallthrough" attributes.
How Fallthrough Attributes Work
Suppose you have a simple button wrapper component:

<!-- MyButton.vue --> <template> <button class="btn" @click="onClick"> <slot /> </button> </template> <script setup> defineProps(['onClick']) </script>
Now, when you use this component and pass extra attributes:
<MyButton class="primary" @click="handleClick">Submit</MyButton>
Even though class
and @click
aren't declared as props (except @click
is bound to the prop onClick
), Vue will automatically "fall through" the class
and any other undeclared attributes to the root <button>
element in MyButton
.

So the final rendered button will have:
- The base class
btn
- The inherited class
primary
- Both the internal click handler and the one passed via
onClick
This makes wrapper components very convenient—you don't have to manually forward every HTML attribute.
Key Points About Fallthrough Attributes
They apply to the root element of the child component. If your template has multiple root elements (a fragment), Vue cannot automatically decide where to attach them, and you'll need to manually specify using
$attrs
or theinheritAttrs
option.Common fallthrough attributes include:
-
class
-
style
-
id
- Inline event listeners (
@click
,@input
, etc.) - Arbitrary attributes like
data-*
,aria-*
, etc.
-
They can be controlled using
$attrs
and theinheritAttrs
option.
Controlling Fallthrough Behavior
Sometimes you don't want attributes to fall through automatically. For example, if your component has multiple root nodes or you want to apply attributes to a specific internal element.
You can explicitly control this:
<!-- CustomInput.vue --> <template> <div class="wrapper"> <input v-bind="$attrs" /> </div> </template> <script setup> // Disable automatic attribute inheritance defineOptions({ inheritAttrs: false }) </script>
Now, any attributes passed to <custominput></custominput>
won't go to the root <div> automatically. Instead, you place them where needed using <code>v-bind="$attrs"
.
$attrs
includes all attributes not declared as props or emits.
Summary
- Fallthrough attributes are HTML attributes passed to a component that are automatically applied to its root element.
- This behavior simplifies creating wrapper components.
- In Vue 3, it works out of the box unless
inheritAttrs: false
is set. - Use
$attrs
to manually control where attributes are applied, especially in multi-root or complex components.
Basically, fallthrough attributes make Vue components feel more like native HTML elements—they just work the way you'd expect when adding classes or event listeners.
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