How Can I Create a Dropdown Menu Using Only CSS?

Pure CSS-Based Dropdown Menu Creation

In web development, dropdown menus are a common UI element used to organize and present choices logically. If you desire a dropdown menu without relying on external frameworks or JavaScript, pure CSS can deliver a suitable solution.

Pure CSS Dropdown Menu Implementation

To construct a purely CSS-based dropdown menu, follow these steps:

1. HTML Structure: Define an unordered list (<ul>), with each list item (
2. ) representing a menu item. Inside the list items, nest other unordered lists for submenus.
3. Styling: Use CSS to style the menu. Set the ul to have no bullets, no margins, and a horizontal alignment. Position the li elements inline-block for horizontal alignment.
4. Dropdown Visibility: To toggle the visibility of submenus, use the :hover pseudo-class on list items. When a list item is hovered over, its submenu (ul) becomes visible.
5. Menu Appearance: Customize the appearance of menu items, submenus, and links using CSS properties like background-color, color, and padding.

Example Code

The following code snippet provides an example of a pure CSS-based dropdown menu:

HTML:

<ul>

CSS:

ul {
  font-family: Arial, Verdana;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

ul li {
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
}

li ul {
  display: none;
}

ul li a {
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #ffffff;
  border-top: 1px solid #ffffff;
  padding: 5px 15px 5px 15px;
  background: #2C5463;
  margin-left: 1px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

ul li a:hover {
  background: #617F8A;
}

li:hover ul {
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
}

li:hover li {
  float: none;
  font-size: 11px;
}

li:hover a {
  background: #617F8A;
}

li:hover li a:hover {
  background: #95A9B1;
}

Live Demo: [jsfiddle.net/XPE3w/7/](http://jsfiddle.net/XPE3w/7/)

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