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基于原生PHP交叉会员权限控制，交叉会员权限控制

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Release： 2016-06-13 09:27:29
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基于原生PHP交叉会员权限控制，交叉会员权限控制

对于一个网站的后台管理系统，单一的超级管理员权限往往不能满足我们的需求，尤其是对于大型网站而言，这种单一的权限会引发许许多多的问题出现。

比如：一个网站编辑，平时他只是负责公司网站的公告更新，但如果网站后台没有严格的权限限制，他是不是就可以操作到客户的一些信息，这是存在很大隐患的。

如果学过ThinkPHP框架的朋友一定知道有个东西叫RBAC，今天咱不说那个，来说说在原生PHP语言中，怎么实现交叉权限控制。

好了，话不多说，老样子，直接说原理，上代码。

 

对于权限的交叉控制可以有很多种方法实现，这里只是提供一种思路：（我采用的是二进制数的方法）

一、这里先提下按位与和按位或的运算方法：

1、按位与运算符（&）

参加运算的两个数据，按二进制位进行“与”运算。

运算规则：0&0=0;   0&1=0;    1&0=0;     1&1=1;

       即：两位同时为“1”，结果才为“1”，否则为0

例如：3&5  即 0000 0011 & 0000 0101 = 0000 0001   因此，3&5的值得1。

 

另，负数按补码形式参加按位与运算。

 

 

2、按位或运算符（|）

 

参加运算的两个对象，按二进制位进行“或”运算。

 

运算规则：0|0=0；   0|1=1；   1|0=1；    1|1=1；

 

      即 ：参加运算的两个对象只要有一个为1，其值为1。

 

例如:3|5　即 0000 0011 | 0000 0101 = 0000 0111   因此，3|5的值得7。　

 

 

 

另，负数按补码形式参加按位或运算。

 

了解了按位与和按位或的运算，我们来看下面这个例子：

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span>     <span>define</span>('ADD',1);<span>//</span><span>二进制1</span>
<span> 3</span>     <span>define</span>('DELETE',2);<span>//</span><span>二进制10</span>
<span> 4</span>     <span>define</span>('UPDATE',4);<span>//</span><span>二进制100</span>
<span> 5</span>     <span>define</span>('SELECT',8);<span>//</span><span>二进制1000
</span><span> 6</span> 
<span> 7</span> <span>    //有权限为1，没有权限为0</span>
<span> 8</span>     <span>$admin</span>=ADD|DELETE|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1111</span>
<span> 9</span>     <span>$editer</span>=ADD|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1101</span>
<span>10</span>     <span>$user</span>=SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1000</span>
<span>11</span> ?>
Copy after login

我把增删改查分别做成了4个权限并定为常量

1的二进制数是1,2的二进制数是10,4的二进制数是100,8的二进制数是1000，这里刚好成一个规律

可能有些朋友会问上面权限变量admin，editer，user所对应的1111,1101,1000是怎么来的？

PHP里有一个十进制数转二进制数的函数叫decbin()

下面是对应的函数解释：

<span>decbin</span><span>
(PHP </span>3, PHP 4, PHP 5<span>)

</span><span>decbin</span> --<span> 十进制转换为二进制
说明
</span><span>string</span> <span>decbin</span> ( int <span>number</span><span> )<br /><br />
返回一字符串，包含有给定 </span><span>number</span> 参数的二进制表示。所能转换的最大数值为十进制的 4294967295，其结果为 32 个 1<span> 的字符串。 

例子 </span>1. <span>decbin</span><span>() 范例
</span><?<span>php
</span><span>echo</span> <span>decbin</span>(12) . "\n"<span>;
</span><span>echo</span> <span>decbin</span>(26<span>);
</span>?><span>  

上例将输出：
</span>1100
11010<span>
参见 </span><span>bindec</span>()，<span>decoct</span>()，<span>dechex</span>() 和 <span>base_convert</span>()。
Copy after login

我们来测试输出看看吧：

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span>     
<span> 3</span>     
<span> 4</span>     <span>define</span>('ADD',1);<span>//</span><span>二进制1</span>
<span> 5</span>     <span>define</span>('DELETE',2);<span>//</span><span>二进制10</span>
<span> 6</span>     <span>define</span>('UPDATE',4);<span>//</span><span>二进制100</span>
<span> 7</span>     <span>define</span>('SELECT',8);<span>//</span><span>二进制1000
</span><span> 8</span> 
<span> 9</span> <span>    //有权限为1，没有权限为0</span>
<span>10</span>     <span>$admin</span>=ADD|DELETE|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1111</span>
<span>11</span>     <span>$editer</span>=ADD|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1101</span>
<span>12</span>     <span>$user</span>=SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1000</span>
<span>13</span> 
<span>14</span>     <span>echo</span> <span>decbin</span>(<span>$admin</span>)."<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>15</span>     <span>echo</span> <span>decbin</span>(<span>$editer</span>)."<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>16</span>     <span>echo</span> <span>decbin</span>(<span>$user</span>)."<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>17</span> 
<span>18</span> 
<span>19</span> ?>
Copy after login

输出结果：

那么我们就可以运用这个运算来判断权限了，1代表有权限，0代表无权限

比如：

admin(超级管理员)拥有的权限是增删改查也就是1111——>0000 1111

editer(网站编辑)拥有的权限是增，改，查也就是1101——>0000 1101

user(普通用户)只拥有浏览、查询的权限也就是1000——>0000 1000

那么我们只要对它们进行按位与运算就可以判断是否具备权限了

例如：

网站编辑权限 0000 1101 | 0000 0010（删除权限十进制为2转二进制为10）　　结果：0000 0000 也就是没有具备权限

再来试试

普通用户权限 0000 1000 |0000 0001(添加权限十进制为1二进制为1)　　结果：0000 0000 也一样不具备权限

超级管理员权限0000 1111 |0000 1101（网站编辑的权限）　　结果：0000 1111 也就是具备了网站编辑的权限

好了看具体实例吧

我建了一个数据库，里面有2张表

一张是user用户表：

gid代表权限表的组id

一张是权限表：

flag代表增删改查的权限，可根据自己需要定义

基本配置页面：config.php

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span>     
<span> 3</span>     <span>define</span>('HOST','localhost'<span>);
</span><span> 4</span>     <span>define</span>('DBNAME','member'<span>);
</span><span> 5</span>     <span>define</span>('USER', 'root'<span>);
</span><span> 6</span>     <span>define</span>('PASS', ''<span>);
</span><span> 7</span> 
<span> 8</span> 
<span> 9</span>     <span>$link</span>=@<span>mysql_connect</span>(HOST,USER,PASS) or <span>die</span>('数据库连接失败'<span>);
</span><span>10</span> 
<span>11</span>     <span>mysql_select_db</span>(DBNAME,<span>$link</span><span>);
</span><span>12</span> 
<span>13</span>     <span>define</span>('ADD',1);<span>//</span><span>二进制1</span>
<span>14</span>     <span>define</span>('DELETE',2);<span>//</span><span>二进制10</span>
<span>15</span>     <span>define</span>('UPDATE',4);<span>//</span><span>二进制100</span>
<span>16</span>     <span>define</span>('SELECT',8);<span>//</span><span>二进制1000
</span><span>17</span> 
<span>18</span> <span>    //有权限为1，没有权限为0</span>
<span>19</span>     <span>$admin</span>=ADD|DELETE|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1111</span>
<span>20</span>     <span>$editer</span>=ADD|UPDATE|SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1101</span>
<span>21</span>     <span>$user</span>=SELECT;<span>//</span><span>1000</span>
<span>22</span> ?>
Copy after login

登陆首页：index.html

<span> 1</span> <span><!</span><span>DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</span><span>></span>
<span> 2</span> <span><</span><span>html </span><span>xmlns</span><span>="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</span><span> xml:lang</span><span>="en"</span><span>></span>
<span> 3</span> <span><</span><span>head</span><span>></span>
<span> 4</span>     <span><</span><span>meta </span><span>http-equiv</span><span>="Content-Type"</span><span> content</span><span>="text/html;charset=UTF-8"</span><span>></span>
<span> 5</span>     <span><</span><span>title</span><span>></span>Document<span></</span><span>title</span><span>></span>
<span> 6</span> <span></</span><span>head</span><span>></span>
<span> 7</span> <span><</span><span>body</span><span>></span>
<span> 8</span>     <span><</span><span>form </span><span>action</span><span>="action.php"</span><span> method</span><span>="post"</span><span>></span>
<span> 9</span>         账号：<span><</span><span>input </span><span>type</span><span>="text"</span><span> name</span><span>="username"</span> <span>/></span>
<span>10</span>         密码：<span><</span><span>input </span><span>type</span><span>="password"</span><span> name</span><span>="password"</span> <span>/></span>
<span>11</span>         <span><</span><span>input </span><span>type</span><span>="submit"</span><span> name</span><span>="submit"</span><span> value</span><span>="登陆"</span><span>></span>    
<span>12</span>     <span></</span><span>form</span><span>></span>    
<span>13</span> <span></</span><span>body</span><span>></span>
<span>14</span> <span></</span><span>html</span><span>></span>
Copy after login

提交页面：action.php

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span>     
<span> 3</span>     <span>require_once</span>('config.php'<span>);
</span><span> 4</span>     <span>$username</span>=<span>$_POST</span>['username'<span>];
</span><span> 5</span>     <span>$password</span>=<span>$_POST</span>['password'<span>];
</span><span> 6</span> 
<span> 7</span> 
<span> 8</span>     <span>$sql</span>="<span>select * from user as a,role as b where a.gid=b.gid 
</span><span> 9</span>     and a.username='<span>$username</span>' and password='<span>$password</span>'"<span>;
</span><span>10</span> 
<span>11</span>     <span>$result</span>=<span>mysql_query</span>(<span>$sql</span><span>);
</span><span>12</span>     <span>if</span>(<span>$data</span>=<span>mysql_fetch_array</span>(<span>$result</span><span>)){
</span><span>13</span>         <span>//</span><span>账号验证通过，判断对应权限
</span><span>14</span> <span>        //此处判断的是 是否具备删除权限</span>
<span>15</span>         <span>if</span>(<span>$data</span>['flag']&<span>DELETE){
</span><span>16</span>             <span>echo</span> "你有删除权限"<span>;
</span><span>17</span>         }<span>else</span><span>{
</span><span>18</span>             <span>echo</span> "你没有删除权限"<span>;
</span><span>19</span> <span>        }
</span><span>20</span> 
<span>21</span>     }<span>else</span><span>{
</span><span>22</span>         <span>echo</span> "错误账号密码"<span>;
</span><span>23</span> <span>    }
</span><span>24</span>     
<span>25</span> 
<span>26</span> ?>
Copy after login

效果图如下：

轻松搞定~

这里只是个简单的小DEMO演示，希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用，至于具体项目还需具体分析，权限控制毕竟是个很复杂的功能。

 

PHP中怎实现交叉会员？

不明白.,,...
 

php框架相对原生php影响性可以或效率

肯定会慢一点，但是这是可以接受的。因为采用框架造成的性能损失比较恒定，例如对于所有功能，使用框架和直编可能总是框架慢0.002毫秒。但是这种损失一般不需要在意。因为相对于框架的巨大好处，这种损耗是值得的。

利用框架可以大幅度提升开发效率
大幅度节约维护成本
更容易的项目交接

因此，宁可损失效率也选择框架。关于效率可以考虑升级服务器等手段来改善。

 

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