Hasattr(), getattr(), setattr(), delattr() functions and sample codes in Python3-Python Tutorial-php.cn

Hasattr(), getattr(), setattr(), delattr() functions and sample codes in Python3

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Release： 2018-04-18 11:10:41

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This article introduces the hasattr(), getattr(), setattr(), and delattr() functions in Python3 in detail through sample code. It is very good and has reference value. Friends who need it can refer to it

hasattr() function

hasattr() function is used to determine whether the corresponding attribute is included

Syntax:

hasattr(object,name)

Parameters:

object--object

name--string, attribute name

Return Value:

Returns True if the object has this attribute, otherwise returns False

Example:

class People:
  country=&#39;China&#39;
  def __init__(self,name):
    self.name=name
  def people_info(self):
    print(&#39;%s is xxx&#39; %(self.name))
obj=People(&#39;aaa&#39;)
print(hasattr(People,&#39;country&#39;))
#返回值：True
print(&#39;country&#39; in People.__dict__)
#返回值：True
print(hasattr(obj,&#39;people_info&#39;))
#返回值：True
print(People.__dict__)
##{&#39;__module__&#39;: &#39;__main__&#39;, &#39;country&#39;: &#39;China&#39;, &#39;__init__&#39;: <function People.__init__ at 0x1006d5620>, &#39;people_info&#39;: <function People.people_info at 0x10205d1e0>, &#39;__dict__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__dict__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__weakref__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__weakref__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__doc__&#39;: None}

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getattr() function

Description:

getattr() function is used to return an object attribute value

Syntax ：

getattr(object,name,default)

Parameters:

object--object

name--string , Object attribute

default--Default return value, if this parameter is not provided, AttributeError will be triggered when there is no attribute.

Return value:

Return object attribute value

class People:
  country=&#39;China&#39;
  def __init__(self,name):
    self.name=name

  def people_info(self):
    print(&#39;%s is xxx&#39; %(self.name))
obj=getattr(People,&#39;country&#39;)
print(obj)
#返回值China
#obj=getattr(People,&#39;countryaaaaaa&#39;)
#print(obj)
#报错
# File "/getattr()函数.py", line 32, in <module>
#   obj=getattr(People,&#39;countryaaaaaa&#39;)
# AttributeError: type object &#39;People&#39; has no attribute &#39;countryaaaaaa&#39;
obj=getattr(People,&#39;countryaaaaaa&#39;,None)
print(obj)
#返回值None

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## setattr() function

Description:

setattr function, used to set attribute values, the attribute must exist

Syntax:

setattr(object,name,value)

Parameters:

object--object

name--string, object attribute

value--Attribute value

Return value:

None

class People:
  country=&#39;China&#39;
  def __init__(self,name):
    self.name=name
  def people_info(self):
    print(&#39;%s is xxx&#39; %(self.name))
obj=People(&#39;aaa&#39;)
setattr(People,&#39;x&#39;,111) #等同于People.x=111
print(People.x)
#obj.age=18
setattr(obj,&#39;age&#39;,18)
print(obj.__dict__)
#{&#39;name&#39;: &#39;aaa&#39;, &#39;age&#39;: 18}
print(People.__dict__)
#{&#39;__module__&#39;: &#39;__main__&#39;, &#39;country&#39;: &#39;China&#39;, &#39;__init__&#39;: <function People.__init__ at 0x1007d5620>, &#39;people_info&#39;: <function People.people_info at 0x10215d1e0>, &#39;__dict__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__dict__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__weakref__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__weakref__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__doc__&#39;: None, &#39;x&#39;: 111}

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delattr() function

Description:

delattr function is used to delete attributes

delattr(x,'foobar) is equivalent to del x.foobar

Syntax:

setattr(object,name)

Parameters:

object--object

name--must be an attribute of the object

Return value:

None

Example:

class People:
  country=&#39;China&#39;
  def __init__(self,name):
    self.name=name
  def people_info(self):
    print(&#39;%s is xxx&#39; %(self.name))
delattr(People,&#39;country&#39;) #等同于del People.country
print(People.__dict__)
{&#39;__module__&#39;: &#39;__main__&#39;, &#39;__init__&#39;: <function People.__init__ at 0x1006d5620>, &#39;people_info&#39;: <function People.people_info at 0x10073d1e0>, &#39;__dict__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__dict__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__weakref__&#39;: <attribute &#39;__weakref__&#39; of &#39;People&#39; objects>, &#39;__doc__&#39;: None}

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Supplementary examples:

class Foo:
  def run(self):
    while True:
      cmd=input(&#39;cmd>>: &#39;).strip()
      if hasattr(self,cmd):
        func=getattr(self,cmd)
        func()
  def download(self):
    print(&#39;download....&#39;)
  def upload(self):
    print(&#39;upload...&#39;)
# obj=Foo()
# obj.run()

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