Two examples of how to get the first letters of Chinese characters in PHP

There are many ways to get the first letter of a Chinese character. For this, we usually separate the Chinese characters and convert them into pinyin, and then use substr to get the first letter. Below I found two examples online, each with its own merits. Let’s take a look. Take a look.

Example 1

The main functions are: clear functions, easy to modify, maintain and expand; English string: return unchanged (including numbers); Chinese string: return the first character of Pinyin; Chinese-English mixed string: return the first character of Pinyin and English. This algorithm uses binary search to fix the previous error where the letter Z was read as Y. Good things need to be collected, so I leave a mark here for future generations to verify!

The code is as follows

Copy code

/**
* Fix binary search method
* Chinese Pinyin Initial Tools
* Note: English string: returned unchanged (including numbers) eg .abc123 => abc123
* Chinese string: Return the first character of Pinyin eg. Test string => CSZFC
* Mixed Chinese and English strings: Return the first character of Pinyin and English eg. IiIj => WIWJ
* eg.
* $py = new str2PY();
+*/
class str2PY
{
Private $_pinyins = array(
176161 => 'A',
176197 => 'B',
178193 => 'C',
180238 => 'D',
182234 => 'E',
183162 => 'F',
184193 => 'G',
185254 => 'H',
187247 => 'J',
191166 => 'K',
192172 => 'L',
194232 => 'M',
196195 => 'N',
197182 => 'O',
197190 => 'P',
198218 => 'Q',
200187 => 'R',
200246 => 'S',
203250 => 'T',
205218 => 'W',
206244 => 'X',
209185 => 'Y',
212209 => 'Z',
);
Private $_charset = null;
/**
* Constructor, specify the required encoding default: utf-8
* Support utf-8, gb2312
*
* @param unknown_type $charset
*/
Public function __construct( $charset = 'utf-8' )
{
$this->_charset = $charset;
}
/**
* Chinese string substr
*
* @param string $str
* @param int $start
* @param int $len
* @return string
*/
Private function _msubstr ($str, $start, $len)
{
$start = $start * 2;
$len = $len * 2;
           $strlen = strlen($str);
          $result = '';
for ( $i = 0; $i < $strlen; $i++ ) {
If ( $i >= $start && $i < ($start + $len) ) {
If ( ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) > 129 ) $result .= substr($str, $i, 2);
                       else $result .= substr($str, $i, 1);
            }
If ( ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) > 129 ) $i++;
        }
        return $result;
    }
    /**
* The string is divided into arrays (Chinese characters or one character as unit)
*
* @param string $str
* @return array
*/
    private function _cutWord( $str )
    {
        $words = array();
         while ( $str != "" )
         {
            if ( $this->_isAscii($str) ) {/*非中文*/
                $words[] = $str[0];
                $str = substr( $str, strlen($str[0]) );
            }else{
                $word = $this->_msubstr( $str, 0, 1 );
                $words[] = $word;
                $str = substr( $str, strlen($word) );
            }
         }
         return $words;
    }
    /**
* Determine whether the character is an ascii character
*
* @param string $char
* @return bool
*/
    private function _isAscii( $char )
    {
        return ( ord( substr($char,0,1) ) < 160 );
    }
    /**
* Determine whether the first 3 characters of the string are ascii characters
*
* @param string $str
* @return bool
*/
    private function _isAsciis( $str )
    {
        $len = strlen($str) >= 3 ? 3: 2;
        $chars = array();
        for( $i = 1; $i < $len -1; $i++ ){
            $chars[] = $this->_isAscii( $str[$i] ) ? 'yes':'no';
        }
        $result = array_count_values( $chars );
        if ( empty($result['no']) ){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    /**
* Get the first pinyin character of a Chinese string
*
* @param string $str
* @return string
*/
    public function getInitials( $str )
    {
        if ( empty($str) ) return '';
        if ( $this->_isAscii($str[0]) && $this->_isAsciis( $str )){
            return $str;
        }
        $result = array();
        if ( $this->_charset == 'utf-8' ){
            $str = iconv( 'utf-8', 'gb2312', $str );
        }
        $words = $this->_cutWord( $str );
        foreach ( $words as $word )
        {
            if ( $this->_isAscii($word) ) {/*非中文*/
                $result[] = $word;
                continue;
            }
            $code = ord( substr($word,0,1) ) * 1000 + ord( substr($word,1,1) );
            /*获取拼音首字母A--Z*/
            if ( ($i = $this->_search($code)) != -1 ){
                $result[] = $this->_pinyins[$i];
            }
        }
        return strtoupper(implode('',$result));
    }
    private function _getChar( $ascii )
    {
        if ( $ascii >= 48 && $ascii <= 57){
            return chr($ascii); /*数字*/
        }elseif ( $ascii>=65 && $ascii<=90 ){
            return chr($ascii);   /* A--Z*/
        }elseif ($ascii>=97 && $ascii<=122){
            return chr($ascii-32); /* a--z*/
        }else{
            return '-'; /*其他*/
        }
    }

    /**
* Find the pinyin characters (dichotomy) corresponding to the required Chinese character internal code (gb2312)
*
* @param int $code
* @return int
*/
    private function _search( $code )
    {
        $data = array_keys($this->_pinyins);
        $lower = 0;
        $upper = sizeof($data)-1;
  $middle = (int) round(($lower + $upper) / 2);
        if ( $code < $data[0] ) return -1;
        for (;;) {
            if ( $lower > $upper ){
                return $data[$lower-1];
            }
            $tmp = (int) round(($lower + $upper) / 2);
            if ( !isset($data[$tmp]) ){
    return $data[$middle];
            }else{
    $middle = $tmp;
   }
            if ( $data[$middle] < $code ){
                $lower = (int)$middle + 1;
            }else if ( $data[$middle] == $code ) {
                return $data[$middle];
            }else{
                $upper = (int)$middle - 1;
            }
        }
    }
}
?>