In the previous article, I brought you "How to verify the required fields in the form when learning PHP forms?" ", which introduces in detail the knowledge about how to verify the required fields in the form in PHP. In this article, we will continue to look at how to verify the email and URL in the form. I hope everyone has to help!
In the previous article we have learned how to verify the required information, that is, the required fields. We need to know that when we fill in the information, although some data are not Required, but this information has format requirements, such as mobile phone number or website address, etc. Such information cannot be filled in casually. How can we complete the verification of this information at this time?
At this time we will use regular expressions to verify the right-click and URL information in the form. If you are not sure about regular expressions, you can click on "Regular Expression Video Tutorial" to learn. Let me briefly introduce to you some knowledge of regular expressions that we will use when validating form data.
Regular expression
Regular expression is a method of describing the rules of a piece of text. It is not an exact match, but through some Fuzzy matching of specific symbols. In PHP, we use the preg_match function to perform regular expression matching. One parameter is our regular expression rule, and the second parameter is the text that needs to be checked.
preg_matchThe syntax format of the function is as follows:
preg_match ( string $正则 , string $字符串 [, array &$结果] )
What we need to note is: According to the $regular variable, match$ String variable . If it exists, return the number of matches and put the matched results into the $result variable. If no result is found, 0 is returned. ^ means the beginning; $ means the end.
Next, let’s look at the application of regular expressions through examples:
<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); //设置编码
$str = 'date20150121';
if (preg_match('/^date/', $str)) {
echo '匹配成功';
} else {
echo '匹配失败';
}
?>In the above example, we are matching numbers starting with date. Output result:
Next let’s take a look at preg_matchedeThe third parameter is the matching content. Usually we will pass an empty array in, Because it is a call by address, after the matching is completed, the specific matching content will be obtained in the array.
Let’s take a look at an example. The example is as follows:
<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); //设置编码
$str = 'date20150121';
if (preg_match('/^date/', $str,$mat)) {
print_r($mat);
} else {
echo '匹配失败';
}
?>Output result:
In the regular expression Use \w for letters and \d for numbers (\D represents non-digits) to represent
represents one Or multiple, * means 0 or more, ? means yes or no, {n} means specific number, {m, n} means greater than m and less than n.
Examples are as follows:
<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); //设置编码
$name = "zhang"; // wang zhu hu ma tan
if (preg_match('/an|hu/', $name, $arr)) {
print_r($arr);
} else {
echo '匹配失败';
}
?>Output results:
Using or conditions can be used to match strings, if only A single letter or character can be represented by a range. Use [] to represent the value range of a character '/[a0\.]/' can match a or 0 or any string of ..
In addition, regular expressions can also use - to represent a set of ranges, [a-z] represents any one of the 26 lowercase letters, [A-Z] Represents an uppercase letter, [0-9] represents a decimal number.
Knowing so much about regular expressions, next we have to verify whether the format of the form is correct.
PHP Validation Name, Email and URL
Validation rules for names are required and can only contain letters and spaces. The E-mail validation rule is required, which must be a valid email address (containing '@' and '.'). The URL validation rule is optional, and if present, it must contain a valid URL. Validation rules for notes are optional, multi-line input fields. A gender validation rule is required and one must be selected.
Then we can write the following code through the above policy expression, which will detect whether the name field contains letters and spaces in a simple way. If the name field value is illegal, an error message will be output. , an example is as follows:
$name = test_input($_POST["name"]);
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z]*$/",$name)) {
$nameErr = "只允许字母和空格";
}The above code can prompt the user to fill in the name format, and then we can use the same method to verify the email and URL.
邮箱名可以是字母、数字、下划线和点组成的任意字符；邮箱要包含@符号，后面的文字按域名规则处理，以下代码将通过简单的方式来检测 e-mail 地址是否合法。如果 e-mail 地址不合法，将输出错误信息，示例如下：
$email = test_input($_POST["email"]);
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$/",$email)) {
$emailErr = "无效的 email 格式！";
}以下代码将检测URL地址是否合法 (以下正则表达式运行URL中含有破折号:"-")， 如果 URL 地址不合法，将输出错误信息，示例如下：
$website = test_input($_POST["website"]);
if (!preg_match("/\b(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|www\.)[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%
=~_|]/i",$website)) {
$websiteErr = "无效的 URL";
}将上述的验证方法添加到整体的格式中，示例如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>PHP中文网</title>
</head>
<style>
.error {color: #FF0000;}
</style>
<body>
<?php
// 定义变量并设置为空值
$nameErr = $emailErr = $genderErr = $websiteErr = "";
$name = $email = $gender = $comment = $website = "";
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
if (empty($_POST["name"])) {
$nameErr = "姓名是必填的";
} else {
$name = test_input($_POST["name"]);
// 检查姓名是否包含字母和空白字符
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z ]*$/",$name)) {
$nameErr = "只允许字母和空格";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["email"])) {
$emailErr = "电邮是必填的";
} else {
$email = test_input($_POST["email"]);
// 检查电子邮件地址语法是否有效
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$/",$email)) {
$emailErr = "无效的 email 格式";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["website"])) {
$website = "";
} else {
$website = test_input($_POST["website"]);
// 检查 URL 地址语法是否有效（正则表达式也允许 URL 中的斜杠）
if (!preg_match("/\b(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|www\.)[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%=~_|]/i",$website)) {
$websiteErr = "无效的 URL";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["comment"])) {
$comment = "";
} else {
$comment = test_input($_POST["comment"]);
}
if (empty($_POST["gender"])) {
$genderErr = "性别是必选的";
} else {
$gender = test_input($_POST["gender"]);
}
}
function test_input($data) {
$data = trim($data);
$data = stripslashes($data);
$data = htmlspecialchars($data);
return $data;
}
?>
<h2>PHP 验证实例</h2>
<p><span class="error">* 必需的字段</span></p>
<form method="post" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>">
姓名：<input type="text" name="name">
<span class="error">* <?php echo $nameErr;?></span>
<br><br>
邮箱：<input type="text" name="email">
<span class="error">* <?php echo $emailErr;?></span>
<br><br>
网址：<input type="text" name="website">
<span class="error"><?php echo $websiteErr;?></span>
<br><br>
评论：<textarea name="comment" rows="5" cols="40"></textarea>
<br><br>
性别：
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">女性
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male">男性
<span class="error">* <?php echo $genderErr;?></span>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<?php
echo "<h2>您的输入：</h2>";
echo $name;
echo "<br>";
echo $email;
echo "<br>";
echo $website;
echo "<br>";
echo $comment;
echo "<br>";
echo $gender;
?>
</body>
</html>通过上述代码，当我们没有按照我们设置的规则填写的话，输出结果如下：
当然作为扩展知识，也可以使用弹窗，只需要在上述示例中的代码做些改动，将输出的字符变成弹窗的格式，示例如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>PHP中文网</title>
</head>
<style>
.error {color: #FF0000;}
</style>
<body>
<?php
// 定义变量并设置为空值
$nameErr = $emailErr = $genderErr = $websiteErr = "";
$name = $email = $gender = $comment = $website = "";
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
if (empty($_POST["name"])) {
$nameErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"姓名是必填的\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
} else {
$name = test_input($_POST["name"]);
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z ]*$/",$name)) {
$nameErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"姓名只允许字母和空格\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["email"])) {
$emailErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"电邮是必填的\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
} else {
$email = test_input($_POST["email"]);
// 检查电子邮件地址语法是否有效
if (!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$/",$email)) {
$emailErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"无效email的格式\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["website"])) {
$website = "";
} else {
$website = test_input($_POST["website"]);
// 检查 URL 地址语法是否有效（正则表达式也允许 URL 中的斜杠）
if (!preg_match("/\b(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|www\.)[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%=~_|]/i",$website)) {
$websiteErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"无效的URL\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
}
}
if (empty($_POST["comment"])) {
$comment = "";
} else {
$comment = test_input($_POST["comment"]);
}
if (empty($_POST["gender"])) {
$genderErr = "<script language=\"javascript\">
{
alert(\"性别是必选的\"); //弹出对话框
}
</script>";
} else {
$gender = test_input($_POST["gender"]);
}
}
function test_input($data) {
$data = trim($data);
$data = stripslashes($data);
$data = htmlspecialchars($data);
return $data;
}
?>
<h2>PHP 验证实例</h2>
<p><span class="error">* 必需的字段</span></p>
<form method="post" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>">
姓名：<input type="text" name="name">
<span class="error">* <?php echo $nameErr;?></span>
<br><br>
邮箱：<input type="text" name="email">
<span class="error">* <?php echo $emailErr;?></span>
<br><br>
网址：<input type="text" name="website">
<span class="error"><?php echo $websiteErr;?></span>
<br><br>
评论：<textarea name="comment" rows="5" cols="40"></textarea>
<br><br>
性别：
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">女性
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male">男性
<span class="error">* <?php echo $genderErr;?></span>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<?php
echo "<h2>您的输入：</h2>";
echo $name;
echo "<br>";
echo $email;
echo "<br>";
echo $website;
echo "<br>";
echo $comment;
echo "<br>";
echo $gender;
?>
</body>
</html>当填写内容不按规定规则是，点击提交，输出结果如下：
如此我们便完成了PHP验证名称、邮件和URL。
大家如果感兴趣的话，可以点击《PHP视频教程》进行更多关于PHP知识的学习。
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