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characters

标签是一种将元数据应用于 Docker 对象的机制,包括:

  • 图片

  • 集装箱

  • 本地守护进程

  • 网络

  • Swarm节点

  • 群体服务

您可以使用标签来组织图像,记录许可信息,注释容器、卷和网络之间的关系,或以任何对您的业务或应用程序有意义的方式进行注释。

标签键和值

标签是一个键值对,以字符串形式存储。您可以为对象指定多个标签,但每个键值对在对象中必须是唯一的。如果同一个键有多个值,则最近写入的值会覆盖所有以前的值。

重要格式建议

标签键值对的左侧。密钥是可能包含句点(.)和连字符(-)的字母数字字符串。大多数 Docker 用户使用由其他组织创建的图像,并且以下指导原则有助于防止跨对象无意间重复标签,特别是如果您打算将标签用作自动化机制。

  • 第三方工具的作者应该为每个标签关键字加上他们拥有的域的反向DNS标记,例如com.example.some-label

  • 未经域所有者的许可,请勿在标签密钥中使用域名。

  • 这些com.docker.*io.docker.*org.dockerproject.*名称空间由Docker保留供内部使用。

  • 标签键应以小写字母开头和结尾,并且只能包含小写字母数字字符,句点字符(.)和连字符(-)。不允许连续的句点或连字符。

  • 句号 (.)分隔命名空间“fields”。没有命名空间的标签密钥被保留用于 CLI 使用,允许 CLI 的用户使用更短的键入友好字符串交互地标记 Docker 对象。

这些准则目前尚未实施,其他准则可能适用于特定用例。

价值准则

标签值可以包含任何可以表示为字符串的数据类型,包括(但不限于)JSON,XML,CSV 或 YAML。唯一的要求是,首先使用特定于结构类型的机制将该值序列化为字符串。例如,要将 JSON序 列化为字符串,您可以使用JSON.stringify()JavaScript 方法。

由于 Docker 并未反序列化该值,因此在按标签值查询或过滤时,不能将 JSON 或 XML 文档视为嵌套结构,除非您将此功能构建到第三方工具中。

管理对象上的标签

支持标签的每种类型的对象都具有添加和管理它们的机制,并在与该类型对象相关时使用它们。这些链接提供了一个开始学习如何在 Docker 部署中使用标签的好地方。

图像、容器、本地守护程序、卷和网络上的标签在对象的生命周期内是静态的。要更改这些标签,您必须重新创建该对象。swarm 节点和服务上的标签可以动态更新。

  • 图像和容器

    • 为图像添加标签

    • 运行时覆盖容器的标签

    • 检查图像或容器上的标签

    • 按标签过滤图像

    • 按标签过滤容器

  • 本地 Docker 守护进程 (daemon)

    • 在运行时向 Docker 守护进程添加标签

    • 检查 Docker 守护进程的标签

    • 为卷添加标签

    • 检查卷的标签

    • 按标签过滤卷

  • 网络

    • 向网络添加标签

    • 检查网络标签

    • 按标签过滤网络

  • Swarm 节点

    • 添加或更新群集节点的标签

    • 检查群集节点的标签

    • 通过标签过滤 swarm 节点

  • 群体服务

    • 创建群集服务时添加标签

    • 更新 swarm 服务的标签

    • 检查群集服务的标签

    • 通过标签过滤群集服务

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