Python 직렬화를 위한 JSON 및 피클에 대한 자세한 설명

#coding:utf-8
import json

# 简单编码===========================================
print json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])
# ["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]

#字典排序
print json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True)
# {"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0}

#自定义分隔符
print json.dumps([1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}], sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'))
# [1,2,3,{"4":5,"6":7}]
print json.dumps([1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}], sort_keys=True, separators=('/','-'))
# [1/2/3/{"4"-5/"6"-7}]

#增加缩进，增强可读性，但缩进空格会使数据变大
print json.dumps({'4': 5, '6': 7}, sort_keys=True,indent=2, separators=(',', ': '))
# {
#   "4": 5,
#   "6": 7
# }


# 另一个比较有用的dumps参数是skipkeys，默认为False。
# dumps方法存储dict对象时，key必须是str类型，如果出现了其他类型的话，那么会产生TypeError异常，如果开启该参数，设为True的话，会忽略这个key。
data = {'a':1,(1,2):123}
print json.dumps(data,skipkeys=True)
#{"a": 1}

import json

obj = ['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}]
a= json.dumps(obj)
print json.loads(a)
# [u'foo', {u'bar': [u'baz', None, 1.0, 2]}]

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "TKQ"
import datetime,json

dt = datetime.datetime.now()



def time2str(obj):
    #python to json
    if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime):
        json_str = {"datetime":obj.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X")}
        return json_str
    return obj

def str2time(json_obj):
    #json to python
    if "datetime" in json_obj:
        date_str,time_str = json_obj["datetime"].split(' ')
        date = [int(x) for x in date_str.split('-')]
        time = [int(x) for x in time_str.split(':')]
        dt = datetime.datetime(date[0],date[1], date[2], time[0],time[1], time[2])
        return dt
    return json_obj


a = json.dumps(dt,default=time2str)
print a
# {"datetime": "2016-10-27 17:38:31"}
print json.loads(a,object_hook=str2time)
# 2016-10-27 17:38:31

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "TKQ"
import datetime,json

dt = datetime.datetime.now()
dd = [dt,[1,2,3]]

class MyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    def default(self,obj):
        #python to json
        if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime):
            json_str = {"datetime":obj.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X")}
            return json_str
        return obj

class MyDecoder(json.JSONDecoder):
    def __init__(self):
        json.JSONDecoder.__init__(self, object_hook=self.str2time)

    def str2time(self,json_obj):
        #json to python
        if "datetime" in json_obj:
            date_str,time_str = json_obj["datetime"].split(' ')
            date = [int(x) for x in date_str.split('-')]
            time = [int(x) for x in time_str.split(':')]
            dt = datetime.datetime(date[0],date[1], date[2], time[0],time[1], time[2])
            return dt
        return json_obj


# a = json.dumps(dt,default=time2str)
a =MyEncoder().encode(dd)
print a
# [{"datetime": "2016-10-27 18:14:54"}, [1, 2, 3]]
print MyDecoder().decode(a)
# [datetime.datetime(2016, 10, 27, 18, 14, 54), [1, 2, 3]]

from datetime import date

try:
    import cPickle as pickle    #python 2
except ImportError as e:
    import pickle   #python 3


src_dic = {"date":date.today(),"oth":([1,"a"],None,True,False),}
det_str = pickle.dumps(src_dic)
print det_str
# (dp1
# S'date'
# p2
# cdatetime
# date
# p3
# (S'\x07\xe0\n\x1b'
# tRp4
# sS'oth'
# p5
# ((lp6
# I1
# aS'a'
# aNI01
# I00
# tp7
# s.
with open(r"c:\pickle.txt","w") as f:
    pickle.dump(src_dic,f)

from datetime import date

try:
    import cPickle as pickle    #python 2
except ImportError as e:
    import pickle   #python 3


src_dic = {"date":date.today(),"oth":([1,"a"],None,True,False),}
det_str = pickle.dumps(src_dic)
with open(r"c:\pickle.txt","r") as f:
    print pickle.load(f)
# {'date': datetime.date(2016, 10, 27), 'oth': ([1, 'a'], None, True, False)}