JavaScript でのメソッド呼び出しの詳細な紹介

var x = 99;
var sample = {
  x:1,
  act:function(a){
    this.x = a*a;//assign value to sample's x, not global object's x.
  }
}
sample.act(6);
console.log(sample.x);//36
console.log(x);//9

//other ways to invoke method
sample["act"](7);
console.log(sample.x);//4

//nested function can access variable outside of it.
var y = 88;
var sample2 = {
  y:1,
  act2:function(a){
    this.y = inner();
    function inner(){
      return a*a;
    }
  }
}
sample2.act2(8);
console.log(sample2.y);//64
console.log(y);//88

//nested function does not inherit "this". The "this" in nested function is global object
var sample3 = {
  act3:function(){
    inner();
    function inner(){
      console.log(this);//window object
    }
  }
}
sample3.act3();

//pass "this" to nested function
var sample4 = {
  act4:function(){
    var self = this;
    inner();
    function inner(){
        console.log(self);//Object {act4=function()}
    }
  }
}
sample4.act4();