Python の一般的なデータ型について詳しく学ぶ

# 整数
a = 10
b = -5

# 浮点数
c = 3.14
d = -2.5

# 运算
result1 = a + b
result2 = c * d

print(result1)  # 输出: 5
print(result2)  # 输出: -7.85

# 字符串
name = "Alice"
message = 'Hello, world!'

# 字符串拼接
greeting = "Hi, " + name + "!"

print(message)  # 输出: Hello, world!
print(greeting)  # 输出: Hi, Alice!

# 列表
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']

# 添加元素
fruits.append('pear')

# 删除元素
fruits.remove('apple')

# 修改元素
fruits[1] = 'grape'

# 查找元素
index = fruits.index('orange')

print(fruits)  # 输出: ['banana', 'grape', 'orange', 'pear']
print(index)  # 输出: 2

# 元组
weekdays = ('Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday')

# 元素访问
first_day = weekdays[0]
last_day = weekdays[-1]

print(first_day)  # 输出: Monday
print(last_day)  # 输出: Friday

# 字典
student = {
    'name': 'Alice',
    'age': 20,
    'major': 'Computer Science'
}

# 添加键值对
student['gender'] = 'Female'

# 修改值
student['age'] = 21

# 访问值
name = student['name']

print(student)  # 输出: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 21, 'major': 'Computer Science', 'gender': 'Female'}
print(name)  # 输出: Alice

# 集合
fruits = {'apple', 'banana', 'orange'}
colors = {'red', 'green', 'orange'}

# 交集
intersection = fruits & colors

# 并集
union = fruits | colors

# 差集
difference = fruits - colors

print(intersection)  # 输出: {'orange'}
print(union)  # 输出: {'red', 'green', 'banana', 'orange', 'apple'}
print(difference)  # 输出: {'apple', 'banana'}