CentOS6.4 で MySQL データベースをインストールおよび設定する方法

[root@xiaoluo ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql　　// 这个命令就会查看该操作系统上是否已经安装了mysql数据库

[root@xiaoluo ~]# rpm -e mysql　　// 普通删除模式
[root@xiaoluo ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql　　// 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除

[root@xiaoluo ~]# yum list | grep mysql

[root@xiaoluo ~]# yum install -y mysql-server mysql mysql-deve

[root@xiaoluo ~]# rpm -qi mysql-server

[root@xiaoluo ~]# service mysqld start

初始化 mysql 数据库： warning: the host 'xiaoluo' could not be looked up with resolveip.
this probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary mysql version. the mysql daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
this means that you should use ip addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying mysql privileges !
installing mysql system tables...
ok
filling help tables...
ok

to start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

please remember to set a password for the mysql root user !
to do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h xiaoluo password 'new-password'

alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. this is
strongly recommended for production servers.

see the manual for more instructions.

you can start the mysql daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

you can test the mysql daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

                              [确定]
正在启动 mysqld：                      [确定]

[root@xiaoluo ~]# service mysqld restart
停止 mysqld：                       [确定]
正在启动 mysqld：                     [确定]

[root@xiaoluo ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
mysqld       0:关闭  1:关闭  2:关闭  3:关闭  4:关闭  5:关闭  6:关闭

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'　　// 为root账号设置密码

[root@xiaoluo ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 'root'　　// 通过该命令给root账号设置密码为 root

[root@xiaoluo etc]# ls my.cnf 
my.cnf

[root@xiaoluo etc]# cat my.cnf 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 [root@xiaoluo ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/
[root@xiaoluo mysql]# ls -l
总用量 20488
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 4月  6 22:01 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 4月  6 22:01 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 4月  6 21:59 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql   4096 4月  6 21:59 mysql　　// 这两个是mysql数据库安装时默认的两个数据库文件
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql    0 4月  6 22:01 mysql.sock
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql   4096 4月  6 21:59 test　　// 这两个是mysql数据库安装时默认的两个数据库文件

创建一个我们自己的数据库：
mysql> create database xiaoluo;
query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

[root@xiaoluo mysql]# ls -l
总用量 20492
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 4月  6 22:01 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 4月  6 22:01 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 4月  6 21:59 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql   4096 4月  6 21:59 mysql
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql    0 4月  6 22:01 mysql.sock
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql   4096 4月  6 21:59 test
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql   4096 4月  6 22:15 xiaoluo　　// 这个就是我们刚自己创建的xiaoluo数据库
[root@xiaoluo mysql]# cd xiaoluo/
[root@xiaoluo xiaoluo]# ls
db.opt

[root@xiaoluo xiaoluo]# cd 
[root@xiaoluo ~]# cd /var/log
[root@xiaoluo log]# ls
amanda        cron      maillog-20130331  spice-vdagent.log
anaconda.ifcfg.log  cron-20130331 mcelog       spooler
anaconda.log     cups      messages      spooler-20130331
anaconda.program.log dirsrv     messages-20130331 sssd
anaconda.storage.log dmesg     mysqld.log     tallylog
anaconda.syslog    dmesg.old   ntpstats      tomcat6
anaconda.xlog     dracut.log   piranha      wpa_supplicant.log
anaconda.yum.log   gdm      pm-powersave.log  wtmp
audit         httpd     ppp        xorg.0.log
boot.log       ibacm.log   prelink      xorg.0.log.old
btmp         lastlog    sa         xorg.1.log
btmp-20130401     libvirt    samba       xorg.2.log
cluster        luci      secure       xorg.9.log
consolekit      maillog    secure-20130331  yum.log