Vue で頻繁に聞かれる主な面接の質問 12 個 (分析付き)

push();
pop();
shift();
unshift();
splice();
sort();
reverse();

function createKeyToOldIdx(children, beginIdx, endIdx) {
  let i, key;
  const map = {};
  for (i = beginIdx; i <= endIdx; ++i) {
    key = children[i].key;
    if (isDef(key)) map[key] = i;
  }
  return map;
}

for (macroTask of macroTaskQueue) {
  // 1. Handle current MACRO-TASK
  handleMacroTask();

  // 2. Handle all MICRO-TASK
  for (microTask of microTaskQueue) {
    handleMicroTask(microTask);
  }
}

const arrayProto = Array.prototype;
export const arrayMethods = Object.create(arrayProto);
const methodsToPatch = [
  "push",
  "pop",
  "shift",
  "unshift",
  "splice",
  "sort",
  "reverse"
];

/**
 * Intercept mutating methods and emit events
 */
methodsToPatch.forEach(function(method) {
  // cache original method
  const original = arrayProto[method];
  def(arrayMethods, method, function mutator(...args) {
    const result = original.apply(this, args);
    const ob = this.__ob__;
    let inserted;
    switch (method) {
      case "push":
      case "unshift":
        inserted = args;
        break;
      case "splice":
        inserted = args.slice(2);
        break;
    }
    if (inserted) ob.observeArray(inserted);
    // notify change
    ob.dep.notify();
    return result;
  });
});

/**
 * Observe a list of Array items.
 */
Observer.prototype.observeArray = function observeArray(items) {
  for (var i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; i++) {
    observe(items[i]);
  }
};

class Vue {
  constructor() {
    //  事件通道调度中心
    this._events = Object.create(null);
  }
  $on(event, fn) {
    if (Array.isArray(event)) {
      event.map(item => {
        this.$on(item, fn);
      });
    } else {
      (this._events[event] || (this._events[event] = [])).push(fn);
    }
    return this;
  }
  $once(event, fn) {
    function on() {
      this.$off(event, on);
      fn.apply(this, arguments);
    }
    on.fn = fn;
    this.$on(event, on);
    return this;
  }
  $off(event, fn) {
    if (!arguments.length) {
      this._events = Object.create(null);
      return this;
    }
    if (Array.isArray(event)) {
      event.map(item => {
        this.$off(item, fn);
      });
      return this;
    }
    const cbs = this._events[event];
    if (!cbs) {
      return this;
    }
    if (!fn) {
      this._events[event] = null;
      return this;
    }
    let cb;
    let i = cbs.length;
    while (i--) {
      cb = cbs[i];
      if (cb === fn || cb.fn === fn) {
        cbs.splice(i, 1);
        break;
      }
    }
    return this;
  }
  $emit(event) {
    let cbs = this._events[event];
    if (cbs) {
      const args = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
      cbs.map(item => {
        args ? item.apply(this, args) : item.call(this);
      });
    }
    return this;
  }
}

export default {
  name: "keep-alive",
  abstract: true, // 抽象组件属性 ,它在组件实例建立父子关系的时候会被忽略,发生在 initLifecycle 的过程中
  props: {
    include: patternTypes, // 被缓存组件
    exclude: patternTypes, // 不被缓存组件
    max: [String, Number] // 指定缓存大小
  },

  created() {
    this.cache = Object.create(null); // 缓存
    this.keys = []; // 缓存的VNode的键
  },

  destroyed() {
    for (const key in this.cache) {
      // 删除所有缓存
      pruneCacheEntry(this.cache, key, this.keys);
    }
  },

  mounted() {
    // 监听缓存/不缓存组件
    this.$watch("include", val => {
      pruneCache(this, name => matches(val, name));
    });
    this.$watch("exclude", val => {
      pruneCache(this, name => !matches(val, name));
    });
  },

  render() {
    // 获取第一个子元素的 vnode
    const slot = this.$slots.default;
    const vnode: VNode = getFirstComponentChild(slot);
    const componentOptions: ?VNodeComponentOptions =
      vnode && vnode.componentOptions;
    if (componentOptions) {
      // name不在inlcude中或者在exlude中 直接返回vnode
      // check pattern
      const name: ?string = getComponentName(componentOptions);
      const { include, exclude } = this;
      if (
        // not included
        (include && (!name || !matches(include, name))) ||
        // excluded
        (exclude && name && matches(exclude, name))
      ) {
        return vnode;
      }

      const { cache, keys } = this;
      // 获取键，优先获取组件的name字段，否则是组件的tag
      const key: ?string =
        vnode.key == null
          ? // same constructor may get registered as different local components
            // so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
            componentOptions.Ctor.cid +
            (componentOptions.tag ? `::${componentOptions.tag}` : "")
          : vnode.key;
      // 命中缓存,直接从缓存拿vnode 的组件实例,并且重新调整了 key 的顺序放在了最后一个
      if (cache[key]) {
        vnode.componentInstance = cache[key].componentInstance;
        // make current key freshest
        remove(keys, key);
        keys.push(key);
      }
      // 不命中缓存,把 vnode 设置进缓存
      else {
        cache[key] = vnode;
        keys.push(key);
        // prune oldest entry
        // 如果配置了 max 并且缓存的长度超过了 this.max，还要从缓存中删除第一个
        if (this.max && keys.length > parseInt(this.max)) {
          pruneCacheEntry(cache, keys[0], keys, this._vnode);
        }
      }
      // keepAlive标记位
      vnode.data.keepAlive = true;
    }
    return vnode || (slot && slot[0]);
  }
};

export function set(target: Array<any> | Object, key: any, val: any): any {
  // target 为数组
  if (Array.isArray(target) && isValidArrayIndex(key)) {
    // 修改数组的长度, 避免索引>数组长度导致splice()执行有误
    target.length = Math.max(target.length, key);
    // 利用数组的splice变异方法触发响应式
    target.splice(key, 1, val);
    return val;
  }
  // target为对象, key在target或者target.prototype上 且必须不能在 Object.prototype 上,直接赋值
  if (key in target && !(key in Object.prototype)) {
    target[key] = val;
    return val;
  }
  // 以上都不成立, 即开始给target创建一个全新的属性
  // 获取Observer实例
  const ob = (target: any).__ob__;
  // target 本身就不是响应式数据, 直接赋值
  if (!ob) {
    target[key] = val;
    return val;
  }
  // 进行响应式处理
  defineReactive(ob.value, key, val);
  ob.dep.notify();
  return val;
}