A guide to clearing up common doubts about getting started with Golang: Xiaobai's gospel

Resolving common doubts about getting started with Go programming: Install Go through brew, apt or choco and check the version; write a hello world program and run it; use the var keyword or abbreviation to define variables; Go supports data types such as integers, floating point numbers and Boolean; Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks; errors can be represented by errors of type variables and returned when errors occur.

A guide to clearing up common doubts about getting started with Go programming

1. How to install and set up Go?

# macOS
brew install go

# Linux
sudo apt install golang-go

# Windows
choco install golang

Use go version to check whether the installation is successful.

2. How to write your first Go program?

Create file hello.go:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("你好，世界！")
}

Run program:

go run hello.go

3. How to define variables?

Use var Keyword:

var name string = "小明"

or abbreviation:

name := "小美"

4. How to use data types?

Go supports various data types:

// 整数类型
var age int = 18

// 浮点数类型
var weight float64 = 60.5

// 布尔类型
var isMale bool = true

5. What is a function?

A function is a set of reusable blocks of code used to perform a specific task.

func average(numbers []int) float64 {
    var sum float64
    for _, number := range numbers {
        sum += float64(number)
    }
    return sum / float64(len(numbers))
}

6. How to handle errors?

You can use variables of type error to represent errors:

func divide(x, y int) (int, error) {
    if y == 0 {
        return 0, errors.New("除数不能为0")
    }
    return x / y, nil
}

Practical case

Calculate the average of two numbers

// main.go

package main

import "fmt"

func average(numbers []int) float64 {
    var sum float64
    for _, number := range numbers {
        sum += float64(number)
    }
    return sum / float64(len(numbers))
}

func main() {
    numbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    avg := average(numbers)
    fmt.Printf("平均值为：%.2f\n", avg)
}

Running the program will output:

平均值为：3.00

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