How to write tests for Golang function documentation?

Syntax for writing Go function documentation tests: The test name contains the Example prefix. The test code illustrates the expected behavior of the function. The assertion verifies that the function return value is as expected. Test coverage of different uses of the function. Writing tests helps improve function documentation, showing examples of how the function is used.

#How to write tests for Golang function documentation?

In Go, providing clear and readable API documentation is crucial. Function documentation is an important part of API documentation because it provides information about the function's purpose, parameters, and return values. By writing tests, you ensure that the function documentation is accurate and matches the actual behavior of the function.

Syntax

The following is the syntax for writing function documentation tests:

func Example<FunctionName>() {
    // 测试设置
    // 调用函数
    // 断言结果
}

Example

Consider the following Function:

// Add 两数之和
func Add(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

Here is the documentation test on how to write this function:

func ExampleAdd() {
    result := Add(1, 2)
    fmt.Println(result) // 输出: 3
}

Notes

• The test name should contain Example prefix.
• Test code should clearly state the expected behavior of the function.
• Assertions should verify that the return value of the function is the same as expected.
• Tests should cover different uses of the function.

Practical case

The following is a practical case of improving function documentation by writing tests:

Original function documentation:

// Distance 计算两点之间的距离
func Distance(x1, y1, x2, y2 float64) float64 {
    // 未提供函数文档
}

Add post-test function documentation:

// Distance 计算两点之间的距离
//
// 示例：
//
//   Distance(1, 2, 4, 6) == 5
func Distance(x1, y1, x2, y2 float64) float64 {
    // ... 函数实现
}

func ExampleDistance() {
    result := Distance(1, 2, 4, 6)
    fmt.Println(result) // 输出: 5
}

By writing tests, we improve function documentation and show how functions are used with clear examples.

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