How do C++ functions implement non-blocking I/O in network programming?

Using non-blocking I/O for network programming in C can significantly improve the responsiveness and throughput of the application. Principle: Using asynchronous I/O operations, the application continues execution after issuing the I/O request, and the kernel generates an event to notify the application after completing the operation. Implementation: The Boost.Asio library can be used, which provides the functionality required to implement asynchronous I/O. Practical cases: Non-blocking I/O is widely used in network applications that have high requirements on throughput and responsiveness, such as network servers, distributed systems, real-time games and simulations.

Using non-blocking I/O for network programming in C

In network programming, non-blocking I/O allows applications The program continues execution even while waiting for the I/O operation to complete. This greatly improves application responsiveness and throughput.

Principle

Non-blocking I/O is achieved by using asynchronous I/O operations. When an application issues an I/O request, the kernel returns immediately without blocking the process. When the I/O operation is completed, the kernel generates an event to notify the application.

Implementation

In C, you can use the Boost library to implement non-blocking I/O. The Boost.Asio library provides all the functionality required for asynchronous I/O operations.

Code Example

The following code example demonstrates how to use Boost.Asio for non-blocking TCP server and client implementations:

Server side

#include <boost/asio.hpp>

int main() {
  boost::asio::io_service io_service;
  boost::asio::ip::tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_service, boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint(boost::asio::ip::tcp::v4(), 8080));

  for (;;) {
    boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket socket(io_service);
    acceptor.async_accept(socket, [&](const boost::system::error_code& ec) {
      if (!ec) {
        // 处理客户端连接
      }
    });

    io_service.run();
  }

  return 0;
}

Client side

#include <boost/asio.hpp>

int main() {
  boost::asio::io_service io_service;
  boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket socket(io_service);

  socket.async_connect(boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint(boost::asio::ip::address::from_string("127.0.0.1"), 8080), [&](const boost::system::error_code& ec) {
    if (!ec) {
      // 发送数据到服务器
      // ...
    }
  });

  io_service.run();

  return 0;
}

Practical case

Non-blocking I/O is widely used Network applications that require high throughput and responsiveness. For example:

• Network Server
• Distributed System
• Real-time Gaming and Simulation

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