How do C++ functions solve the deadlock problem in concurrent programming?

In C, the use of mutex functions can solve the deadlock problem in multi-threaded concurrent programming. The specific steps are as follows: create a mutex; when the thread needs to access the shared variable, obtain the mutex; modify the shared variable; release the mutex. This ensures that only one thread accesses the shared variable at any time, effectively preventing deadlock.

Use C functions to solve the deadlock problem in concurrent programming

In multi-threaded parallel programming, deadlock is a A common problem that occurs when two or more threads wait for each other's resources to be released. The following is a code example of how to use functions to solve deadlock problems in C:

#include <mutex>
#include <vector>

// 创建互斥量
std::mutex mtx;

// 定义一个用互斥量保护的共享变量
int shared_variable = 0;

// 线程处理函数
void thread_function(const int& tid) {
    // 获得互斥量
    mtx.lock();

    // 对共享变量进行修改
    shared_variable++;

    // 释放互斥量
    mtx.unlock();
}

int main() {
    // 创建线程向量
    std::vector<std::thread> threads;

    // 创建 4 个线程
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        threads.push_back(std::thread(thread_function, i));
    }

    // 等待所有线程完成后再继续
    for (auto& t : threads) {
        t.join();
    }

    // 由于所有线程都使用相同的互斥量，避免了死锁的发生
    return 0;
}

In this example, mtx a mutex is used to protect a shared variableshared_variable , ensuring that only one thread can access the variable at any time. When a thread acquires a mutex, it will have exclusive access to shared_variable and other threads must wait for the mutex to be released before continuing.

By using mutexes to coordinate access to shared resources, we avoid threads waiting for each other's resources to be released, thus effectively preventing deadlocks from occurring.

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