Closure of golang function

A closure is a function defined in a nested function that can access variables in the scope of the nested function, including variables after the return value has been returned. They are used to create flexible and reusable code, such as generating terms of the Fibonacci sequence: Define a closure function that generates Fibonacci terms. The closure function captures two variables to store the first two terms of the Fibonacci sequence. Call the closure function to calculate and return the new Fibonacci terms in turn. Closure functions can change the value of a captured variable over time, thereby generating subsequent terms in the Fibonacci sequence.

Closures in Go language functions

What are closures?

A closure is a function defined inside a nested function. It can access variables in the scope of the nested function, even if the nested function has returned.

Code example:

func outer(multiplier int) func(x int) int {
    return func(x int) int {
        return multiplier * x
    }
}

func main() {
    doubler := outer(2)
    result := doubler(5)
    fmt.Println(result)  // 输出：10
}

In the above example, the function outer returns a nested function func(x int) int. Nested functions can access variables multiplier within the outer function, even if the outer function has returned.

Practical example:

Closures can be used to create flexible and reusable code. For example, we can write a closure to generate the terms of the Fibonacci sequence:

func fibonacci() func() int {
    a, b := 0, 1
    return func() int {
        a, b = b, a+b
        return a
    }
}

func main() {
    f := fibonacci()
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        fmt.Println(f())  // 打印斐波那契序列的前 10 项
    }
}

Other points:

• A closure captures the value of a variable , rather than a reference to a variable.
• Closures can change the value of captured variables over time.
• Closures can improve code readability, reusability and flexibility.

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