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MySQL InnoDB存储引擎的事务隔离级别_MySQL

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Release: 2016-06-01 14:01:24
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我们知道,在关系数据库标准中有四个事务隔离级别:

  未提交读(Read Uncommitted):允许脏读,也就是可能读取到其他会话中未提交事务修改的数据

  提交读(Read Committed):只能读取到已经提交的数据。Oracle等多数数据库默认都是该级别

  可重复读(Repeated Read):可重复读。在同一个事务内的查询都是事务开始时刻一致的,InnoDB默认级别。在SQL标准中,该隔离级别消除了不可重复读,但是还存在幻象读

  串行读(Serializable):完全串行化的读,每次读都需要获得表级共享锁,读写相互都会阻塞

  查看InnoDB系统级别的事务隔离级别:

mysql> SELECT @@global.tx_isolation;
+-----------------------+
| @@global.tx_isolation |
+-----------------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ   |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  查看InnoDB会话级别的事务隔离级别:

mysql> SELECT @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  修改事务隔离级别:

  mysql> set global transaction isolation level read committed;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  mysql> set session transaction isolation level read committed;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  InnoDB的可重复读隔离级别和其他数据库的可重复读是有区别的,不会造成幻象读(phantom read),所谓幻象读,就是同一个事务内,多次select,可以读取到其他session insert并已经commit的数据。下面是一个小的测试,证明InnoDB的可重复读隔离级别不会造成幻象读。测试涉及两个session,分别为session 1和session 2,隔离级别都是repeateable read,关闭autocommit

mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  mysql> set autocommit=off;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  session 1 创建表并插入测试数据

  mysql> create table test(i int) engine=innodb;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  mysql> insert into test values(1);

  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

  session 2 查询,没有数据,正常,session1没有提交,不允许脏读

  mysql> select * from test;

  Empty set (0.00 sec)

  session 1 提交事务

  mysql> commit;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  session 2 查询,还是没有数据,没有产生幻象读

  mysql> select * from test;

  Empty set (0.00 sec)

  以上试验版本:

mysql> select version();
+-------------------------+
| version()       |
+-------------------------+
| 5.0.37-community-nt-log |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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