Problem solved easily! Use Linux artifact to check web service logs, the problem is no longer difficult

In the process of maintaining and maintaining network operating systems, how to effectively analyze Web service logs is crucial. Through detailed logging, we can directly understand the application status of the website and its potential error information, and then quickly locate and solve the problem. Now, please allow me to introduce to you the simple steps to check the Web service log in the Linux environment. I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Determine the log file path

First of all, could you please determine the log archive location of the Web service. For the commonly used Apache server, its logs will be placed in the /var/log/httpd/ directory; for Nginx servers, they mostly exist in /var/log/nginx/. If you have any doubts, please check the corresponding configuration file or directly check these two designated locations for verification.

2. Use the tail command to view it in real time

The Tail command can display the last few lines of the file in real time, and is especially suitable for querying log information. For example, when you want to check the access log of the Apache server, you can try the following command!

shell 请您放心，我们始终在密切关注您的每次登录详细情况，具体信息请查看/var/log/httpd/access_log 这个文件。

In this way, when a new access record is generated, it will be displayed on the terminal immediately.

3. Use less command to view by page

If you are dealing with paging query problems for large log files, we recommend that you try using the "less" command to solve related problems. For example, the error log of the Nginx server can be easily opened and paged for browsing in the following way~

less /var/log/nginx/error.log

In the LESS operation interface, you only need to gently move the up or down cursor keys to complete the page turning function. If you need to exit the current browsing page, please press the Q key on the keyboard at any time to easily complete it.

4. Filter logs based on keywords

When analyzing some tedious information, sometimes you just need to focus on one of the key points. At this time, the grep command will be very useful! For example, if you want to find all records containing "404" encoding from the Apache server access log, you can try the following command:

Dear user, the hotline maintenance operation is currently in progressLinux view web service log, thank you for providing access information. We noticed that in Red Hat Linux, the "404" page may have abnormal conditions. Check the hardware information in Linux here, hoping to learn more about the specific situationCheck the web service log in Linux, so that this problem can be dealt with and solved as soon as possible.

This way you can quickly find all requests that return 404 errors.

5. Use the awk command to count logs

Awk is famous for its powerful text processing capabilities, and it is also a practical tool for viewing and analyzing various log files. For example, it can quickly and accurately help you calculate the number of visits to each web page in the Nginx server's access records:

Dear reading friends, in this issue we will teach you how to get the 7th column value from the /var/log/nginx/access.log file and perform sorting and data statistics. The following is the detailed process: First, please use the awk command to selectively output the 7th column value of the file; then use the sort command to sort these numbers; next, use the uniq -c command to remove duplicates and count the total; finally, Then re-present the results in descending order. Please refer to the picture below to learn how to do it.

This will list the URLs with the most visits.

6. Log file cutting and compression

It is necessary to reduce the pressure on the server by avoiding excessively large log files. This is an issue that we should consider and deal with carefully. In the Apache server environment, we can use the simple and easy-to-use logrotate tool to split and compress logs; however, when using the Nginx server, we only need to add the logrotate directive appropriately in the configuration file to immediately enjoy the effect and achieve efficient management.

7. Use ELK Stack for log analysis

ELK stack combines the three powerful functions of elastic search (Elasticsearch), log aggregator (Logstash) and knowledge visualization tool (Kibana) to form an excellent open tool that supports log processing. Through this set of combined tools, you can easily achieve rapid collection, reliable storage, in-depth analysis and intuitive display of log data. For those with larger websites, this tool will undoubtedly become your right-hand man!

8. Back up logs regularly

In order to ensure the security of important data, please be sure to pay attention to logging! We recommend that you perform regular log file backups to prevent unexpected events. By using the CRONAB command to create a scheduled task, you can easily automatically migrate log data and upload it to a cloud storage device.

9. Learn related tools and techniques

In addition, tools and technologies such as Splunk and Grafana can also help you parse network service log data more accurately. Dear colleagues in the operation and maintenance team, I hope you will continue to learn and improve relevant skills to improve work efficiency.

I look forward to sharing my experience in this article to help you gain a deeper understanding of how to view web service logs in a Linux environment. With these methods and tips, I believe you will improve the efficiency and accuracy of your operation and maintenance work. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to communicate with me.

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