Installation guide to quickly get started with golang programming under the Ubuntu operating system

Ubuntu system golang installation tutorial, allowing you to quickly start programming

Overview:
Go language (Golang) is an open source programming language developed by Google . It is simple, efficient, fast and secure, and is widely used in fields such as network services, distributed systems and cloud computing. This article will teach you how to install Golang on Ubuntu system and provide specific code examples to help you get started with programming quickly.

Step 1: Download and install Golang

1. Open the terminal and execute the following command to download the Golang installation package:

   wget https://golang.org/dl/go1.xx.x.linux-amd64.tar.gz

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   Note: Replace the " 1.xx.x" is the latest version number, for example: 1.17.4.

2. Decompress the installation package:

   sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.xx.x.linux-amd64.tar.gz

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3. Set environment variables:
   Enter the user's home directory, edit the .bashrc file:

   nano ~/.bashrc

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   Add the following content at the end of the file:

   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
   export GOPATH=$HOME/go
   export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin

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   Save and exit the .bashrc file, and run the following command to make the configuration file take effect:

   source ~/.bashrc

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Step 2: Verify installation

1. Enter the following command in the terminal to check the Golang version:

   go version

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   If it is displayed Golang version information, indicating successful installation.

2. Execute the following command to check whether the Go environment variables are configured correctly:

   echo $GOPATH

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   If the path is displayed as the go directory under your user home directory, the configuration is successful.

Step 3: Write and run your first Go program

1. Create a new folder and enter the folder:

   mkdir hello
   cd hello

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2. Create a file called hello.go and open it with a text editor:

   nano hello.go

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3. Enter the following in hello.go Code:

   package main
   
   import "fmt"
   
   func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
   }

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4. Save and exit the file, execute the following command to run your first Go program:

   go run hello.go

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   If the terminal outputs "Hello, World!", It means that your Go program ran successfully.

Extended application: establishing a Web server
Through the following code example, you can establish a simple Web server:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, Web!")
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

Save and exit the file, execute the following command Run the Web server:

go run server.go

Enter http://localhost:8080 in the browser. If "Hello, Web!" is returned, it means that your Web server has been successfully established.

Summary:
This article provides detailed steps for installing Golang on Ubuntu systems, and provides simple code examples to help you get started with programming quickly. Through learning and practice, I believe you can master the basic knowledge of Golang and start doing more advanced development. I wish you success in your Golang programming journey!

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