Five effective methods to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters in matplotlib

Five effective solutions, bid farewell to the Chinese garbled problem of matplotlib, need specific code examples

Abstract: In the process of using Matplotlib for data visualization, we often encounter The issue of garbled Chinese characters affects the aesthetics and readability of charts. This article will introduce five effective solutions, namely: using system default fonts, manually specifying fonts, using font managers, using font configuration files, and using third-party libraries. And specific code examples are given to help readers easily solve the Chinese garbled problem of matplotlib.

1. Use system default font

In Matplotlib, the system default font will be used by default. In some systems, the problem of Chinese garbled characters may occur. We can solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters by modifying the system default font.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 查找系统默认字体路径
print(plt.rcParams["font.family"])

# 修改系统默认字体
plt.rcParams["font.family"] = "Arial Unicode MS"

# 正常显示中文
plt.title("中文标题")
plt.show()

2. Manually specify fonts

In addition to using the system default fonts, we can also manually specify fonts to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters. Ensure that Chinese characters can be displayed correctly by specifying specific font names.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 手动指定字体
font = {"family": "Arial Unicode MS"}

plt.title("中文标题", fontdict=font)
plt.show()

3. Using the font manager

Matplotlib provides the FontManager class to manage fonts. We can obtain the list of installed fonts on the system through the FontManager class, and manually select a suitable font to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as fm

# 获取字体列表
font_list = fm.findSystemFonts()

# 选择一个适合的字体
font_path = font_list[0]
font_prop = fm.FontProperties(fname=font_path)

plt.title("中文标题", fontproperties=font_prop)
plt.show()

4. Using font configuration files

Matplotlib also supports the use of font configuration files to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters. We can create a matplotlibrc file and specify the appropriate font in the file.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 创建字体配置文件matplotlibrc
with open("matplotlibrc", "w") as f:
    f.write("font.family: Arial Unicode MS")

# 使用字体配置文件
plt.rcParams["font.family"] = "Arial Unicode MS"

plt.title("中文标题")
plt.show()

5. Use third-party libraries

In addition to the above methods, we can also use third-party libraries to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters. For example, the fonttools library can help us find the supported character sets and languages ​​of the fonts installed on the system.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from fontTools.ttLib import TTFont

# 查找字体支持的字符集和语言
font_path = "Arial Unicode MS.ttf"
font = TTFont(font_path)
font_names = font.getNames()
charsets = set()
languages = set()

for name in font_names:
    if name.isUnicode():
        charsets.add(name.string.decode("utf-16"))
    if name.isWWSFamilyName():
        languages.add(name.string.decode())

print("字符集：", charsets)
print("语言：", languages)

plt.title("中文标题")
plt.show()

Summary: This article introduces five methods to effectively solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters in matplotlib, and gives specific code examples. By using these methods, readers can easily solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters and improve the beauty and readability of charts. I hope this article will be helpful to readers who are using Matplotlib for the first time.

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