Commonly used calling methods in Java reflection

Commonly used calling methods in Java reflection require specific code examples

Introduction:
Java reflection is a powerful language feature of Java, which allows us to You can dynamically obtain class information and operate class properties, methods, constructors, etc. at runtime. In Java, by using reflection, we can achieve many functions, such as dynamically creating objects, calling methods, and modifying private properties. This article will introduce the commonly used calling methods in reflection in Java and provide specific code examples.

1. Get the Class object
   Before using reflection, you first need to get the Class object of the class to be operated on. The Class object can be obtained in the following three ways:
   1.1 Use the getClass() method of the object
   For example, if we have an object named "example", we can use the following code to obtain its Class object:

   Class<?> clazz = example.getClass();

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   1.2 Use .class syntax
   If we use the class name directly to get the Class object, we can use the following syntax:

   Class<?> clazz = Example.class;

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   1.3 Use the Class.forName() method
   If we only Knowing the name of the class, you can use the following code to obtain the Class object:

   Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.example.Example");

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2. Create Object
   Use reflection to dynamically create objects at runtime. An example object can be created by the following code:

   Example example = (Example) clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();

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   It is assumed here that Example is the name of the class we want to create.

3. Get the member variables of the class
   You can use reflection to get the member variables of the class. The following code demonstrates how to obtain the private member variables of the class and modify their values:

   Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("privateField");
   field.setAccessible(true);
   field.set(example, "new value");

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   In the example, "privateField" is a private member variable of the class Example. First, get the Field object of the member variable by calling the getDeclaredField() method, then set it to be accessible, and finally use the field.set() method to modify its value.

4. Calling methods
   You can use reflection to call class methods. The following is a sample code that demonstrates how to call the public method of the class:

   Method method = clazz.getMethod("publicMethod", String.class);
   method.invoke(example, "parameter");

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   In the example, "publicMethod" is a public method of the class Example. First, get the Method object of the method by calling the getMethod() method, and then use the method.invoke() method to invoke the method.

5. Call private methods
   Through reflection, we can also call private methods of the class. The following code demonstrates how to call a private method of a class:

   Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("privateMethod");
   method.setAccessible(true);
   method.invoke(example);

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   In the example, "privateMethod" is a private method of the class Example. First, get the method's Method object by calling the getDeclaredMethod() method, then make it accessible, and finally use the method.invoke() method to invoke the method.

Summary:
Through reflection, we can dynamically obtain class information and operate class attributes, methods, constructors, etc. at runtime. This article introduces the commonly used calling methods in reflection in Java and provides specific code examples. Using reflection can bring great convenience to our development, but excessive use of reflection can also cause problems with code readability and performance, so we need to consider carefully when using reflection.

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